Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39921272›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025

A Rapid Cortical Learning Process Supporting Students' Knowledge Construction During Real Classroom Teaching.

Xiaodan Feng, Xinran Xu, Zhaonan Meng, Jiahao Jiang, Miao Pei, Yonghe Zheng, Chunming Lu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xiaodan FengState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Xinran XuState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Zhaonan MengState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Jiahao JiangState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Miao PeiCenter for Teacher Education Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Yonghe ZhengResearch Institute of Science Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Chunming LuState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-0587

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 62293550National Natural Science Foundation of China 62293551
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Classroom teaching is essential for cognitive development and cultural evolution, yet its neurocognitive mechanisms remain unclear. Here, this is explored in a university graduate course by combining wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and machine learning models. The results show that blended teaching involving both students' recalling and teachers' lecturing leads to better learning outcomes than lecturing alone. Moreover, during the same lecturing phase, blended teaching induces knowledge construction in the middle frontal cortex (MFC), while lecturing alone induces knowledge representation in the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ), with the former significantly correlating with the final learning outcomes. Additionally, the MFC's construction begins during earlier recalling but is significantly facilitated by later lecturing. Finally, when teacher's TPJ activity precedes that of students' MFC, significant teacher-student neural synchronization is observed during lecturing of blended teaching and is correlated with learning outcomes. These findings suggest that, in the real classroom teaching, the MFC serves as a hub of a rapid cortical learning process, supporting knowledge construction through a projection from the teacher's TPJ.

Indexed as

LearningStudentsTeachingAdultFemaleHumansKnowledgeMachine LearningMaleSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredYoung Adultblended teachingclassroom teachingfunctional near‐infrared spectroscopyknowledge constructionneural synchronizationrapid cortical learning

Identifiers

PMID39921272
PMCPMC12079370

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.