Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39920435›Full record

ArticleNeuroscience bulletin2025

Non-invasive Modulation of Deep Brain Nuclei by Temporal Interference Stimulation.

Long Li, Hao Bai, Linyan Wu, Liang Zheng, Liang Huang, Yang Li, Wenlong Zhang, Jue Wang, Shunnan Ge, Yan Qu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroscience bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Long Li *The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Hao Bai *Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
Linyan Wu *School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Liang ZhengThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Liang HuangThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Yang LiThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Wenlong ZhangThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Jue WangThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Shunnan GeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
Yan QuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China. yanqu0123@fmmu.edu.cn.
Tian LiuThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China. tianliu@xjtu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Temporal interference (TI) is a form of stimulation that epitomizes an innovative and non-invasive approach for profound neuromodulation of the brain, a technique that has been validated in mice. Yet, the thin cranial bone structure of mice has a marginal influence on the effect of the TI technique and may not effectively showcase its effectiveness in larger animals. Based on this, we carried out TI stimulation experiments on rats. Following the TI intervention, analysis of electrophysiological data and immunofluorescence staining indicated the generation of a stimulation focus within the nucleus accumbens (depth, 8.5 mm) in rats. Our findings affirm the viability of the TI methodology in the presence of thick cranial bones, furnishing efficacious parameters for profound stimulation with TI administered under such conditions. This experiment not only sheds light on the intervention effects of TI deep in the brain but also furnishes robust evidence in support of its prospective clinical utility.

Indexed as

Deep Brain StimulationNucleus AccumbensAnimalsMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyTime Factorsc-FosFinite element simulationLocal field potentialsNoninvasive brain stimulationTemporal interference

Identifiers

PMID39920435
PMCPMC12014995

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.