Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39920210›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)2025

Efficacy of identifying Treatment-Resistant and non-Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia using niacin skin flushing response combined with clinical feature.

Jizhi Wang, Jinfeng Wang, Siyuan Wang, Yu Gu, Kai Liang, Yingxu Li, Zheng Zhang, Yan Li, Xiaoping Wang, Huijuan Guo and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jizhi WangDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-2897
Jinfeng WangBio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Siyuan WangPingtang Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Institute in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
Yu GuDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Kai LiangHunan Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, Yueyang, China.
Yingxu LiHunan Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, Yueyang, China.
Zheng ZhangDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Yan LiDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xiaoping WangDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Huijuan GuoDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. guohuijuan2023@csu.edu.cn.
Jiansong ZhouDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. zhoujs2003@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82071543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is a serious mental disease and early identification of this disease is necessary for timely initiation of treatment strategies and management measures. This study aimed to investigate the potential of niacin skin flushing response (NSFR) combined with clinical features in recognizing TRS and non-TRS (NTRS). A total of 269 patients with schizophrenia (99 TRS and 170 NTRS) were included in this study. We conducted NSFR test on 269 participants. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS) and insight and treatment attitudes questionnaires (ITAQ) were used to assess the patients' psychiatric symptoms, cognitive function, and attitude towards illness and treatment, respectively. Differences in NSFR and clinical features between TRS and NTRS were assessed and the relation was evaluated using Spearman correlation. The efficacy of NSFR and clinical features in identifying TRS was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Patients with TRS have enhanced NSFR compared to patients with NTRS, and NSFR was positively correlated with the course of the disease. PANSS total score was negatively correlated with the age of first onset, RBANS total score, and ITAQ score and positively correlated with the course of disease. Age of first onset, course of disease, RBANS total score, and NSFR were poor indicators for identifying TRS and NTRS. The ITAQ score has better diagnostic validity for TRS compared to the above indicators. Among the clinical features, the ITAQ has an important role in recognizing TRS. The NSFR has poor efficacy in recognizing TRS.

Identifiers

PMID39920210
PMCPMC11806114

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.