Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39919110›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Body image and appearance distress among military veterans and civilians with an injury-related visible difference: A comparison study.

Mary Keeling, Diana Harcourt, Paul White, Sarah Evans, Victoria S Williams V, James Kiff, Heidi Williamson

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mary KeelingCentre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, England.ORCID 0000-0002-3049-6022
Diana HarcourtCentre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, England.ORCID 0000-0002-4285-5678
Paul WhiteDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, University of the West of England, Bristol, England.
Sarah EvansCentre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, England.
Victoria S Williams VCentre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, England.
James KiffCentre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, England.
Heidi WilliamsonCentre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, England.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Injuries sustained during military conflict can significantly impact appearance. Yet, little is known about the psychosocial experiences of veterans with conflict-related appearance-altering injuries (AAI) and whether current civilian interventions are appropriate for this group. To inform the development of acceptable and effective support for veterans with appearance-related psychosocial difficulties, this study aimed to identify factors associated with psychosocial adjustment to an altered appearance among both veterans and civilians with AAI. A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 121 veterans and 197 civilians who had sustained AAI. Multivariable regression was used to examine factors related to adjustment in the two groups. Overall, both groups reported similar experiences, with some key exceptions. Veterans reported significantly greater depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, significantly lower Body Image (BI) psychological flexibility, BI life engagement, and higher perceived appearance-related stigma. BI psychological flexibility was identified as a key predictor of appearance-related outcomes in both groups. Self-compassion predicted social anxiety and depression symptoms in both groups, but only appearance outcomes among civilians. Based on these identified associated factors, it is suggested that both groups, but particularly veterans, may benefit from an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based intervention, including explicit self-compassion activities, and practical social skills training.

Indexed as

Body ImageVeteransWounds and InjuriesAdultCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID39919110
PMCPMC11805358

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.