Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39918777›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2025

Hyperprogression of brain metastases following initiation of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Charissa A C Jessurun, Francesca Siddi, Noah L A Nawabi, Alexander F C Hulsbergen, Yu Tung Lo, Rohan Jha, Timothy R Smith, Marike L D Broekman

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Charissa A C JessurunComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Francesca SiddiComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Noah L A NawabiComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Alexander F C HulsbergenComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Yu Tung LoComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Rohan JhaComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Timothy R SmithComputational Neuroscience Outcomes Center (CNOC), Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Marike L D BroekmanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands. m.broekman@haaglandenmc.nl.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are increasingly being administered to cancer patients, including those with brain metastases (BMs). However, in a subset of cancer patients, ICI have shown to paradoxically accelerate tumor growth. This phenomenon is known as hyperprogressive disease (HPD). The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of HPD following initiation of ICI in BM patients.

methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of 60 surgically treated patients with BMs from non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma who were administered ICI at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston between July 2008 and July 2018. BM tumor volumes before and after initiation of ICI were collected. HPD was defined as a 'post-immunotherapy' tumor growth rate (TGR) > 2 times 'pre-immunotherapy' TGR within three months following initiation of ICI.

resultsAmong the 25 included patients treated with ICI, five patients showed HPD with an increase of post-immunotherapy TGR ranging from 4.9 to 207.7 times the pre-immunotherapy TGR. The median survival after initiation of ICI was was 8.0 months in the HPD cases and 13 months in the non-HPD patients.

conclusionHPD occurred in about 20% of BM patients receiving ICI. More research is necessary to prospectively analyze the occurrence of HPD and identify predictive factors for HPD in BM patients.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLung NeoplasmsMelanomaAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsBrain metastasesHyperprogressionImmune-checkpoint inhibitorsMelanomaSmall cell lung cancerTumor growth rate

Identifiers

PMID39918777
PMCPMC11968457

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.