ArticleInternational urogynecology journal2025
The Use of Transperineal Ultrasonography to Compare Relevant Factors for Postpartum Urinary Incontinence Related to Different Modes of Delivery.
Article in International urogynecology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisStudies concerning the similarities and differences in relevant factors for PPUI in puerpera with delivery modes are scarce. This study aimed to investigate relevant factors for PPUI among primiparas grouped by different delivery modes using transperineal ultrasonography.
methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Seven hundred thirty-eight primiparas were included and their clinical and ultrasonographic data were collected. First, they were divided into the UI group (n = 233) and non-UI group (n = 505). Then all participants were redivided into the vaginal delivery without episiotomy group (n = 271), the vaginal delivery with episiotomy group (n = 158), and the cesarean section group (n = 309). Independent relevant factors of PPUI were analyzed with the delivery mode as one of the variables and as a grouping factor, respectively.
resultsBMI, delivery modes, vertical distances between the location of bladder neck and the reference line of the inferior symphyseal margin at rest (BSDr), and [bladder neck descent (BND)]/BSDr were independently associated with PPUI in the overall study population. Among the participants grouped by delivery modes, the maternal BMI, BSDr, and retrovesical angle during Valsalva maneuver (RVAv) were independently associated with PPUI in the vaginal delivery without episiotomy group. BND/BSDr was the independent relevant factor of PPUI in the cesarean section group. In the vaginal delivery with episiotomy group, no factors were independently associated with PPUI.
conclusionsThe independent relevant factors for PPUI in primiparas varied with delivery modes. Sonographic measurements were independently associated with PPUI related to different delivery modes, acting as differential markers to identify PPUI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39918586What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.