ArticleAnnals of internal medicine2025
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Expanded Targeted Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among the Medicare Population in 2022.
Article in Annals of internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic Review of Contact Investigation Costs for Tuberculosis, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Optimizing Latent Tuberculosis Treatment Strategies Among Immigrants From High-Burden Settings.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis incidence trends and risk factors among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Sichuan, China: a retrospective cohort study (2010-2024).BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of preventive treatment regimens for latent tuberculosis infection among key community-level populations.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Testing and Treatment of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection Among Asian and Hispanic Persons With Diagnosed Diabetes in the United States.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2025Article
- Policy Impediments to Tuberculosis Elimination: Consequences of an Absent Medicare National Coverage Determination for Tuberculosis Prevention.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- A Decade of the National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention's Epidemiologic and Economic Modeling Agreement.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, older adults have elevated prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and incidence of tuberculosis (TB).
objectiveTo estimate the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of LTBI testing and treatment among the Medicare-eligible population.
designModel-based cost-effectiveness analysis. DATA SOURCES: Nationally representative surveys and published evidence. TARGET POPULATION: Medicare-eligible persons aged 65 years or older with at least 1 of 15 factors associated with elevated TB risk, as identified by guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and other organizations. TIME HORIZON: Lifetime. PERSPECTIVE: Societal.
interventionOne-time offer of LTBI testing and treatment versus no intervention. OUTCOME MEASURES: Lifetime TB cases and deaths averted, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained, costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). RESULTS OF BASE-CASE ANALYSIS: In 2022, there were an estimated 29.9 million Medicare-eligible persons (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 28.4 to 31.6 million persons) aged 65 years or older with elevated TB risks, including 14.7 million (95% UI, 13.4 to 16.0 million) with USPSTF-recommended factors. In the target population, 4.9 million persons (95% UI, 4.0 to 5.8 million persons) (16.4% [95% UI, 13.9% to 19.1%]) were estimated to have LTBI. Testing and treatment of LTBI was estimated to prevent 10 946 TB cases (95% UI, 4684 to 20 579 cases) and 2579 TB deaths (95% UI, 1106 to 4882 deaths), with 13 234 lifetime QALYs (95% UI, 5343 to 25 519 lifetime QALYs) gained. For the overall target population and for persons with USPSTF-recommended factors, ICERs were $192 000 (95% UI, $92 000 to $503 000) and $155 000 (95% UI, $77 000 to $393 000) per QALY gained, respectively. RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: The ICER was $109 000 (95% UI, $49 000 to $285 000) per QALY gained for 65-year-olds newly eligible for Medicare. LIMITATION: Health benefits from averted post-TB sequelae were not estimated.
conclusionMedicare-eligible persons represent approximately one third of all U.S. persons with LTBI. Testing and treatment of LTBI in this population could lead to substantial reductions in TB and TB-related mortality, particularly among 65-year-olds newly eligible for Medicare. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.