Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39917072›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care2023

The role of gastric ultrasound in anaesthesia for emergency surgery: A review and clinical guidance.

Vincent Godschalx, Marc Vanhoof, Filiep Soetens, Peter Van de Putte, Admir Hadzic, Marc Van de Velde, Imré Van Herreweghe

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Vincent GodschalxFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).
Marc VanhoofFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).
Filiep SoetensFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).
Peter Van de PutteFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).
Admir HadzicFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).
Marc Van de VeldeFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).
Imré Van HerrewegheFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (VG), Department of Anaesthesiology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium (MV, FS), Department of Anaesthesiology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium (PVDP), Department of Anaesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium (AH, IVH), Department of Anesthesiology & Algology, Faculty of Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium (AH), Department Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Department of Anaesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (MVDV).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe timing and technique of anaesthesia are challenging in patients with a history of recent food intake. The presence of gastric contents increases the risk of aspiration, potentially resulting in acute lung injury, pneumonia, or death. Delayed gastric emptying complicates the estimation of aspiration risk. Surprisingly, there are no fasting guidelines for emergency surgery. Point-of-care gastric ultrasound is a time-efficient, cost-efficient and accurate bedside tool with which to estimate residual gastric content and to guide decision-making in airway management and timing of general anaesthesia. This review summarises the prevailing concepts of ultrasound-guided gastric content assessment for emergency surgery.

methodsMedline and Embase databases were searched for studies using ultrasound for the evaluation of gastric content in adults scheduled for emergency surgery.

resultsFive prospective observational studies representing 793 emergency surgery patients showed that the incidence of 'full stomach' was between 18 and 56% at the time of induction. Risk factors for a full stomach before emergency surgery were abdominal or gynaecological/obstetric surgery, high body mass index and morphine consumption. No correlation between preoperative fasting time and the presence of a full/empty stomach was found. No deaths due to aspiration were reported.

conclusionThe preoperative presence of gastric content before emergency surgery is high and the estimates used for clinical management are unreliable. This review demonstrates that gastric ultrasound is a valuable tool for evaluating gastric content. A flow chart for medical decision-making using gastric ultrasound before emergency surgery was developed to assist in clinical decision-making. The validity and practical applicability should be assessed in future studies.

Identifiers

PMID39917072
PMCPMC11783666

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.