Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39917069›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care2023

Environmental sustainability in the operating room: A worldwide survey among anaesthesiologists.

Patricio Gonzalez-Pizarro, Susanne Koch, Jane Muret, Alexandra Trinks, Luca Brazzi, Francisco Reinoso-Barbero, Jesus Diez Sebastian, Michel Mrf Struys

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Intraoperative ventilation settings in Germany: an observational multicentre cross-sectional study.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2026
    Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Surgical Education Within Planetary Health Curricula: A Global Environmental Scan (2022-2025).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Patricio Gonzalez-PizarroFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Susanne KochFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Jane MuretFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Alexandra TrinksFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Luca BrazziFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Francisco Reinoso-BarberoFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Jesus Diez SebastianFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).
Michel Mrf StruysFrom the Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, La Paz Children's University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, IdiPAZ Research Institute, Madrid, Spain (PGP, FRB), Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Institute Curie & PSL Research University, Paris, France (JM), Department of Anaesthesia. LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany (AT), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Città della Salute e della Scienza (LB), Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (LB), Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (JDS), Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, (MMRFS), and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (MMRFS).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe healthcare industry carbon footprint is 5.2% of total CO

objectiveTo describe what factors influence the implementation of sustainable anaesthetic strategies.

designAn international survey.

settingAnaesthesia clinicians worldwide between April 2021 and April 2022.

participantsOne thousand two hundred and thirty-seven anaesthesia clinicians from 75 countries.

main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was a determination of the most used anaesthetic plans among anaesthesia practitioners. Secondary outcomes included an assessment of the influence of various socioeconomic variables on anaesthetic decision-making, and on the level of the practitioners' awareness of peri-operative environmental sustainability.

resultsSixty-four percent of respondents use inhaled anaesthetics on a daily basis, with 83% preferring sevoflurane, and only 5% using N

conclusionsHalogen gases are the most frequently used anaesthetic drugs worldwide. The majority of respondents are unaware of their global warming impact, or are not influenced in their anaesthetic choices by environmental concerns. More sustainable alternatives of anaesthesia are under-implemented, and vary significantly among countries depending on their GDP index. Further education and training in sustainability is needed.

Identifiers

PMID39917069
PMCPMC11783648

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.