Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39916941›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care2025

Greenhouse gas emissions due to inhalation anaesthetics in the Netherlands, usage data and a survey of preferences among Dutch anaesthesiologists.

Herman J Friedericy, Pascale A H T Venema, Jessica F Lockyer, Dinemarie M Kweekel, Anne C van der Eijk, Frank Willem Jansen, Elise Y Sarton

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Herman J FriedericyFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).
Pascale A H T VenemaFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).
Jessica F LockyerFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).
Dinemarie M KweekelFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).
Anne C van der EijkFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).
Frank Willem JansenFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).
Elise Y SartonFrom the Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (HJF, PAHTV, JFL, EYS), the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (DMK), the Operating Room Department & Central Sterile Supply Department, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (ACvdE), the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (ACvdE, FWJ), the Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (FWJ).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnaesthetic gases are an important source of greenhouse gas emissions from operating theatres and can attribute significantly to the carbon footprint of a nation's healthcare system.

objectiveTo estimate the magnitude of the climate impact of inhaled anaesthetics in the Netherlands. Furthermore, the goal was to assess the preferences of Dutch anaesthesiologists for anaesthesia techniques, and to explore opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to anaesthesia practice.

designA 2019 bottom-up purchase analysis of inhalation anaesthetics used in all of the Dutch hospitals was executed and an online survey was conducted among Dutch anaesthesiologists regarding their preferences for anaesthetic agents.

resultsPurchasing quantities of volatile anaesthetic agents were obtained from 61 of the 69 hospital organisations in the Netherlands (response rate 88.4%). A total of 12.2 kilotons CO

conclusionThe relatively low emission of greenhouse gases due to inhalation anaesthetics in Dutch healthcare compared to other countries can be explained by the limited use of nitrous oxide and desflurane by Dutch anaesthesiologists and their strong preference for intravenously administered propofol as an anaesthetic.

Identifiers

PMID39916941
PMCPMC11798387

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.