ReviewEuropean journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care2023
Diagnosis of frailty and implications on surgical process in the elderly: A narrative review.
Review in European journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Otologic Surgery Risk Prediction: Risk Analysis Index-Administrative Versus Modified Frailty Index-5.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Can the frailty score independently predict postoperative morbidity in patients with colorectal cancer? A prospective observational study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Preoperative Anesthesia Assessment in Elderly Patients: Challenges and Opportunities for Safer Perioperative Care.Cureus · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Longevity has increased the proportion of the elderly in the population, and as a result ageing has become the leading factor for diseases such as cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disorders. It also makes surgical procedures more complex with potential life-threatening complications. In order to further investigate the role of ageing in modern healthcare, the term 'frailty' has been proposed to describe a condition of reduced functional reserve that leads to an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to review the pathophysiology of frailty and to highlight the most important tools to diagnose it, and their ability to predict the postoperative outcome. There are two major conceptual models that provide guidance for the detection of frailty: the Fried Phenotype Model and the Cumulative Deficit Model. These two main models have provided a base from which the assessment of frailty has developed. Two frailty assessment tools, the modified frailty index and the simplified frailty index play a key role in the preoperative setting because of their predictive power for postoperative risk quantification. Assessments of independence and/or cognitive function represent the main components that an ideal frailty tool should have to identify elderly people who are at risk of postoperative functional and cognitive deterioration. Cognitive impairment undoubtedly has a high association with frailty, but cognitive status is not included in many frailty assessments. In this regard, comprehensive geriatric assessment is a more complete evaluation tool, and it should be used whenever a frailty tool screening gives a positive result. Finally, frailty assessment is useful to explore the cumulative effect of comorbidities on the ageing patients' functional reserves and to identify the appropriate level of in-hospital and postdischarge care.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
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