ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2025
Tick-borne encephalitis: from tick surveillance to the first confirmed human cases, the United Kingdom, 2015 to 2023.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mapping one health surveillance and networks for vector-borne disease prevention and control in Europe - A scoping review.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- 'Reservoir dogs': The emerging zoonotic risk associated with European dog imports to the UK.The Veterinary record · 2026Review
- Results from an enhanced surveillance study of laboratory-confirmed acute Lyme disease cases in England between 1 April 2023 and 31 March 2024.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- New Aspects on Tick-borne Encephalitis in Children.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Running into the Lyme-light: a retrospective cross-sectional study of tick bites and Lyme disease prevalence, incidence, and prevention in hill runners, Scotland, UK.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Tick-Borne Encephalitis in the 21Le infezioni in medicina · 2026Review
- Novel quantitative and specific RT-qPCR assay for UK subtypes of European strain of Tick-borne encephalitis virus.Virus research · 2025Article
- Design and implementation of blood donor sample bioarchives to enhance preparedness for emerging and pandemic pathogens in England.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Zoonotic Orthoflaviviruses Related to Birds: A Literature Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Identifying hotspots and risk factors for tick-borne encephalitis virus emergence at its range margins to guide interventions, Great Britain.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a flavivirus spread by ticks and can cause tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in humans. Previously, TBE has been reported in returning travellers in the United Kingdom (UK), but in 2019 and 2020, two probable cases of TBE acquired in the UK were identified.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate TBE cases in the UK between 2015 and 2023, describing the incidence, place and mode of acquisition and diagnostic process.MethodsA retrospective review of possible, probable and confirmed cases of TBE diagnosed by the Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory (RIPL) between January 2015 and December 2023 was performed. For cases identified in 2022 and 2023, clinical data were collected for enhanced surveillance using structured case record forms. Laboratory diagnosis is reviewed and described.ResultsWe identified 21 cases: three possible, seven probable and 11 confirmed cases. Of these, 12 were between January 2022 and December 2023: three possible, three probable and six confirmed cases. Two confirmed TBE cases had definite or highly probable acquisition in the UK, in June and August 2022, respectively. One of the possible cases had definite UK acquisition. Cases typically have a biphasic presentation, with encephalitis in the second phase.ConclusionClinicians should be aware of the possibility of TBE when the cause for encephalitis is not identified, even in the absence of travel to previously identified endemic regions.
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