SynthesisWorld journal of surgery2025
Intersectoral Collaboration Between Traditional Bonesetters and Formal Healthcare: A Systematic Review on Past Initiatives and Stakeholder Perspectives.
Synthesis in World journal of surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Evaluating Traditional Bonesetting Interventions: A Methodological Review and Framework for Clinical Research.Cureus · 2026Review
- Traditional bone setter practices and the interaction with biomedical care in the treatment of hip fractures in The Gambia: A qualitative study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Global burden of pediatric orthopaedic fractures: an epidemiological analysis from 1990 to 2021.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Article
- Improving intersectoral collaboration between formal healthcare workers and traditional bonesetters in resource-limited settings: evaluation of a pilot collaborative orthopaedic trauma course in rural Tanzania.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Fractures in the System: Local Voices and Global Strategies for Orthopaedic Reform in Nigeria.JB & JS open accessArticle
- The Persistent Preference for Traditional Bonesetting in Ethiopia: Risk Factors and Missed Opportunities.JB & JS open accessArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBone fractures in low- and middle-income countries are commonly managed by traditional bonesetters (TBSs). Past studies emphasize the potential for improved fracture care through intersectoral cooperation. This review gauged support among stakeholders for intersectoral collaboration and the results of previous initiatives.
methodsFive medical databases were reviewed. Studies focusing on stakeholder perspectives and articles detailing collaborative initiatives were included. Data extraction and synthesis were carried out using the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group's template. Additionally, all studies underwent quality assessment.
resultsOf the 3821 identified articles, 16 were included after full-text screening. Twelve articles presented stakeholder perspectives, whereas four discussed collaborative initiatives. The overall article quality was low: articles on stakeholder perspectives scored on average 1.42 out of 4 points, whereas articles on collaborative initiatives scored a mean 1.25 points. In total, 62% of stakeholders (75% of TBSs, 92% of hospital staff, and 52% of patients) expressed support for intersectoral collaboration. The ratio between stakeholders expressing support versus those opposing was 4.4:1. No articles presented data on governmental perspectives. The most mentioned collaborative forms were TBS training (24% of stakeholders) and an integrative model (16% of stakeholders). Interventional studies all consisted of TBS training, reporting improved clinical outcomes and increased practice integration.
conclusionDespite the limited and low-quality evidence on collaboration initiatives and perspectives, most stakeholders seem supportive of intersectoral collaboration, with training and integration being commonly suggested. Future research efforts exploring the feasibility of embedding TBSs into current primary care systems should ensure the involvement of local and national government.
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