Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39915566›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Comparative performance of tuberculin and defined-antigen cocktails for detecting bovine tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated cattle in natural settings.

Abebe Fromsa, Andrew J K Conlan, Sreenidhi Srinivasan, Balako Gumi, Wegene Bedada, Miserach Zeleke, Dawit Worku, Matios Lakew, Biniam Tadesse, Berecha Bayissa and 11 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Abebe FromsaAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. abebe.fromsa@aau.edu.et.
Andrew J K ConlanDisease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ajkc2@cam.ac.uk.
Sreenidhi SrinivasanHuck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Balako GumiAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Wegene BedadaAnimal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
Miserach ZelekeAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Dawit WorkuAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Matios LakewAnimal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
Biniam TadesseAnimal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
Berecha BayissaAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Asegedech SirakAnimal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
Musse Girma AbdelaAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Getnet Abie MekonnenAnimal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
Tesfaye ChibssaAnimal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
Maroudam VeerasamiCisGen Biotech Discoveries Pvt Ltd, Chennai, India.
Gareth J JonesAnimal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK.
H Martin Vordermeier, Woking, Surrey, UK.
Nick JuleffThe Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
James L N WoodDisease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Gobena AmeniAklilu Lemma Institutes of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. gobena.ameni@uaeu.ac.ae.
Vivek KapurHuck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. vxk1@psu.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a threat to cattle health and public safety. The current control programs are hampered by wildlife reservoirs and socioeconomic barriers. Vaccinating cattle with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) effectively reduces transmission, offering a potential solution for controlling bTB. A key requirement for vaccination strategies using BCG is the validation of defined antigens to differentiate infections among vaccinated animals (DIVA). We compared tuberculin with DIVA peptide cocktails (ESAT-6, CFP-10, and Rv3615c) in 67 unvaccinated and 67 BCG-vaccinated cattle exposed to M. bovis in a natural setting. The cattle were tested every 4 months with a skin test and every 2 months with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRA) over a year of exposure. Before exposure, the DIVA skin, DIVA IGRA, and tuberculin tests showed 100% specificity in unvaccinated control calves. After exposure, the DIVA skin, DIVA IGRA, and comparative cervical tuberculin (CCT) tests had comparable sensitivities of 46% (95% CI 36, 56), 45% (95% CI 35, 55), and 47 (95% CI 37, 57), respectively, when assessed against animals positive by M. bovis culture PCR. The results suggest that test-and-slaughter control strategies using tests with low sensitivity are not expected to be effective in controlling bTB in high-prevalence herds, and highlight an urgent need to improve the sensitivity of diagnostic tests for bTB in these settings.

Indexed as

Antigens, BacterialBCG VaccineMycobacterium bovisTuberculinTuberculin TestTuberculosis, BovineAnimalsCattleInterferon-gamma Release TestsSensitivity and SpecificityVaccinationAntigens, BacterialBCG VaccineTuberculinBCG vaccinationBovine tuberculosisDefined antigen cocktailsIGRA and skin testsTuberculin

Identifiers

PMID39915566
PMCPMC11802902

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.