Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39915469›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Flexible electro-hydraulic power chips.

Chao Zhang, Jionghao Chen, Changyi Xu, Tairan He, Xiaolong Zhang, Junhui Zhang, Ximing Sun, Bing Xu, Yi Zhu, Huayong Yang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Ion-Electron Fusion Transparent Film for Interactive Soft Robotics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Chao ZhangState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. chao.zhang@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8832-4047
Jionghao ChenState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Changyi XuSchool of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China. changyixu@dlut.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5491-9122
Tairan HeState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Xiaolong ZhangState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Junhui ZhangState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Ximing SunSchool of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Bing XuState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Yi ZhuState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. yiz@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0401-316X
Huayong YangState Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emerging soft systems, including soft robots or wearable devices, actuated by fluidic means facilitate a series of inherent benefits, including safe human-robot interactions, lower costs, and adaptability in geometry for manipulating delicate objects. However, existing fluidic soft systems are facing a critical barrier: how to get rid of traditional rigid, bulky, and redundant fluid power/control components as well as develop their own flexible, portable, and universal fluidic components for implementing fully flexible, multi-circuit, and untethered autonomous systems. Here, we introduce a strategy of flexible electro-hydraulic power chips that enables multi-circuit independent pumping and control of soft systems in simple, compact, and lightweight forms. These electro-hydraulic power chips could be arbitrarily programmed through "line-plane-body" combinations of electro-hydraulic power "diode" or "triode" modules with high output density of 10.77 kPa/g and 2.15 L/min/g, and freely fabricated into the desired shapes and functions via multi-material 3D printing technique. Demonstrations of multi-circuit mass transfer, five-finger selective cooling, bird's multiple actuation, jellyfish's fast swimming show electro-hydraulic power chips' portable, powerful, and multi-circuit independent attributes. The proposed strategy is an important advance towards low-cost, mass-manufactured, and standard universal fluid power components for the next generation of multi-functional, autonomous soft systems.

Identifiers

PMID39915469
PMCPMC11802859

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.