Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39915201›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2025

The impact of oral cannabis consumption during pregnancy on maternal spiral artery remodelling, fetal growth and offspring behaviour in mice.

Tyrah M Ritchie, Emily Feng, Fatemeh Vahedi, Sofya Ermolina, Christian J Bellissimo, Erica De Jong, Ana L Portillo, Sophie M Poznanski, Lauren Chan, Sara M Ettehadieh and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Tyrah M RitchieDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Emily FengDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Fatemeh VahediDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Sofya ErmolinaDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Christian J BellissimoMcMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Erica De JongDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Ana L PortilloDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Sophie M PoznanskiDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Lauren ChanDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Sara M EttehadiehDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Deborah M SlobodaDepartment of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Dawn M E BowdishDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Ali A AshkarDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Electronic address: ashkara@mcmaster.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe use of cannabis during pregnancy is rising following its widespread legalization. Cannabidiol (CBD) is gaining popularity due to the public perception that it is safer than the psychoactive cannabis component Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). However, while evidence underpins the harm of THC and cannabis smoke on fetal development, there is minimal research on the safety of CBD and oral cannabis. The current study aims to decipher the safety of oral CBD and THC use during pregnancy.

methodsUsing a mouse model, we directly compared the effects of oral CBD and THC oil exposure (20 mg/kg body weight) from early to mid-gestation on implantation site remodelling and fetal growth. We examined offspring behaviour and metabolic activity using both traditional and automated cage systems. Lastly, using human and mouse immune cells we assessed how CBD and THC influence angiogenic factor production.

findingsWe observed impaired maternal spiral artery remodelling in cannabis exposed mice and found that CBD and THC disrupt immune cell angiogenic factor production. Oral consumption of THC or CBD oil also resulted in significant fetal growth impairment and led to long-lasting sex-dependent consequences as male offspring exhibited altered aggression and metabolic activity while females had impaired spatial learning.

interpretationOur results show that oral consumption of either CBD or THC oil during pregnancy in mice results in harm to the developing fetus and causes behavioural changes after birth.

fundingThe Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cancer Research, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalCannabisDronabinolFetal DevelopmentMaternal ExposurePrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAdministration, OralAnimalsCannabidiolFemaleHumansMaleMicePregnancyCannabidiolDronabinolBehaviourCannabisCBD oilFetal growthPregnancyTHC oil

Identifiers

PMID39915201
PMCPMC12121430

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.