Trial reportJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2025
Oncolytic virus OH2 extends survival in patients with PD-1 pretreated melanoma: phase Ia/Ib trial results and biomarker insights.
Trial report in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Open and Incremental Phase I Clinical Trial of Recombinant Human GM-CSF Type II Herpes Simplex Virus (OH2) Injection (Vero Cells) in the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors
To Evaluate a Phase III Study of OH2 Versus Investigator-selected Salvage Chemotherapy or Best Supportive Care in Melanoma Patients Who Had Failed Standard Therapy
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of oncolytic virus in the treatment of intermediate-to-advanced solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of virology · 2025Pooled it
- Bridging mechanism and clinic: unlocking the full potential of oncolytic virus-based immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Oncolytic virus OH2 induces PD-L1 upregulation via NF-κB signaling and synergizes with anti-PD-L1 therapy in prostate cancer through a targeted extracellular vesicle delivery system.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- After a Decade of Therapy Revolution in Cutaneous Melanoma-Perspectives on Emerging Treatment Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- The science of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL): perspectives from the SITC Surgery Committee.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Recombinant Oncolytic Viruses: Hexagonal Warriors in the Field of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Therapy: Latest Advances, Core Challenges, and Future Outlook.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Synergy of oncolytic adenovirus and immune checkpoint inhibitors: transforming cancer immunotherapy paradigms.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Opportunities, challenges, and future perspectives of oncolytic virus therapy for malignant melanoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOH2 is an oncolytic virus derived from herpes simplex virus type 2. A phase Ia/Ib clinical trial in China was conducted in patients with unresected stage III-IV melanoma, the majority of whom had the acral type, to assess the safety and preliminary efficacy of OH2.
methodsThe trial enrolled patients with histologically confirmed unresectable stage III or advanced stage IV melanoma. In phase Ia, nine patients received OH2 single-dose treatment across three dose levels (10
resultsAll 44 patients were enrolled. OH2 was well tolerated without serious adverse events (AEs) or deaths reported. No Grade 3 or higher treatment-related AEs occurred. In phase Ia, the 1-year survival rate was 92.9% (95% CI, 59.1% to 99.0%), with a median overall survival of 28.9 months (95% CI, 12.7 to not reached). In phase Ib, 10 patients achieved immune-partial response (iPR)/partial response (PR), yielding an objective response rate (ORR) of 37.0% (95% CI, 19.4% to 57.6%), with 6 patients still responding. The rate of the durable response (PR or complete response lasting at least 6 months) was at least 29.6% (8/27). Notably, 7 of 12 III-IVM1a patients who previously received programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy achieved iPR/PR, with an ORR of 58.3% (95% CI, 27.7% to 84.8%) and a disease control rate of 75.0% (95% CI, 42.8% to 94.5%). Biomarker analysis indicated that elevated baseline neutrophil activation state correlated with poorer clinical outcomes. A phase III clinical trial is ongoing in China (NCT05868707).
conclusionsOH2 oncolytic virotherapy exhibited a favorable safety profile without dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and demonstrated durable antitumor efficacy in patients with melanoma, especially in those who had progressed on anti-PD-1 treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04386967.
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