ArticleBlood advances2025
C3 as a predictive and prognostic biomarker in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a large cohort study in China.
Article in Blood advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic mechanisms underlying host susceptibility to central nervous system viral infections.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Identification of shared diagnostic biomarkers and molecular pathways between chronic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma using transcriptomics and machine learning.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type or aggressive NK cell leukemia: a retrospective multicenter study of Jiangsu Cooperative Lymphoma Group (JCLG).Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Genetics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: update on case reports with an inborn error of immunity and risk variants found in drug-linked cases.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
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7 authors.
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Abstract
abstractHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome. Complement component 3 (C3), a central effector molecule in 3 separate complement pathways, has been linked to inflammatory diseases. Hence, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of C3 in adult HLH. In this retrospective cohort study, patients meeting ≥5 of 8 HLH-2004 criteria were classified as the HLH group (n = 627), whereas those meeting 1 to 4 criteria were the partial HLH group (n = 588). C3 was significantly lower in the HLH group than the partial HLH group (P < .0001), and low C3 was an independent factor predicting progression from partial HLH to HLH (odds ratio, 3.94; P < .001). Low C3 was associated with more severe cytopenia, coagulation abnormalities, and liver dysfunction. Additionally, patients with low C3 had poorer overall survival (P = .00099), and low C3 was an independent risk factor for early death in HLH (hazard ratio, 1.64; P = .019). Most patients with HLH had normal C3 before HLH onset, followed by a decline after HLH development (P < .0001). Moreover, survivors showed an increase in C3 (P = .0003), whereas nonsurvivors exhibited a decrease in C3 (P = .90). In conclusion, our study identified C3 as a valuable predictive and prognostic biomarker in adult HLH. Monitoring the dynamic changes in C3 levels may reflect therapeutic response and guide timely clinical interventions.
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