Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39913418›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental toxicology and chemistry2025

Inferring atmospheric sources of gaseous organophosphate esters from spatial patterns.

Yuening Li, Faqiang Zhan, Chubashini Shunthirasingham, Ying Duan Lei, Jenny Oh, Chunwen Weng, Amina Ben Chaaben, Zhe Lu, Kelsey Lee, Frank A P C Gobas and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yuening LiDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7679-8440
Faqiang ZhanDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-1065-2101
Chubashini ShunthirasinghamAir Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, North York, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0498-6519
Ying Duan LeiDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jenny OhDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0009-0001-5660-3199
Chunwen WengDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0009-0003-9521-3454
Amina Ben ChaabenInstitut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Quebec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
Zhe LuInstitut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Quebec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-0748-8438
Kelsey LeeSchool of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Frank A P C GobasSchool of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7829-8260
Hayley HungAir Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, North York, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0719-8948
Frank WaniaDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3836-0901

Funding

Contribution Agreements GCXE20S008Grant and Contribution Agreements GCXE20S008Whales Initiative 1.0 of Environment and Climate Change Canada and a Connaught International
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have emerged as pervasive environmental contaminants, with concentrations often exceeding those of traditional flame retardants and plasticizers by orders of magnitude. Here, we present concentrations of OPEs in the atmospheric gas phase collected using passive air samplers deployed in the coastal regions of Quebec and British Columbia in southern Canada. Four OPEs, i.e., tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), and tris (phenyl) phosphate (TPhP) were reliably and ubiquitously detected, with TCPP showing the highest level, followed by TBP. Concentration levels of TCPP and TCEP are correlated with each other and with population, possibly indicating emission from consumer products. Spatial patterns of TBP and TPhP are more indicative of industrial usage, with airports possibly being a major source for TBP. The positive relationships between atmospheric OPEs and population are influenced by ambient temperature, whereby the size of the populated area around a sampling site influencing the air concentration appears to be decreasing at higher temperatures.

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAtmosphereEstersOrganophosphatesBritish ColumbiaEnvironmental MonitoringQuebecAir PollutantsEstersOrganophosphatesairportatmosphereCanadaconsumer productspassive air sampler

Identifiers

PMID39913418
PMCPMC11864208

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.