Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39913030›Full record

Trial reportAging clinical and experimental research2025

Effects of 12-month physical and cognitive training on sarcopenia determinants in older adults: a subgroup analysis of a randomised clinical trial.

Onni Oskari Hämäläinen, Tiina Marketta Savikangas, Anna-Katriina Tirkkonen, Markku Juhani Alén, Arto Jorma Hautala, Sarianna Sipilä

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Onni Oskari HämäläinenFaculty of Sport and Health Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. onni.o.hamalainen@jyu.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-5050
Tiina Marketta SavikangasFaculty of Sport and Health Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8367-4304
Anna-Katriina TirkkonenFaculty of Sport and Health Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-2356
Markku Juhani AlénDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-5451
Arto Jorma HautalaFaculty of Sport and Health Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-0130
Sarianna SipiläFaculty of Sport and Health Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-7728

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow physical activity is a major risk for sarcopenia. Whether training according to physical activity guidelines accompanied with cognitive training is effective on sarcopenia, remains unclear.

aimsWe investigated whether the effects of 12-month physical and cognitive training (PTCT) and physical training (PT) on grip and knee extension strength, muscle mass, and walking speed differed between older adults with and without sarcopenia.

methodsCommunity-dwelling older adults (N = 314, mean age 74.5 ± 3.8 years, 60% women) who did not meet physical activity guidelines were randomized to PTCT and PT groups. PT for both groups included supervised and home-based multicomponent physical training. Cognitive training (CT) included computer-based exercises for executive functioning. Sarcopenia was determined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2019 criteria. Generalized estimation equation analysis were conducted.

resultsCompared to PT, PTCT had no additive effect on strength, muscle mass, or walking speed in participants with or without sarcopenia. In pooled data (PT + PTCT) change in the grip strength was greater in sarcopenia (n = 49) group compared to non-sarcopenia (n = 264) group (interaction, p =.014). Both groups improved knee extension strength, and walking speed, but no statistically significant difference between the groups were observed. Muscle mass did not change in either group.

conclusionPhysical training according to physical activity recommendations improves muscle strength, walking speed, and maintains muscle mass in sarcopenia. Additional cognitive training had no benefits on these outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN52388040 and date of registration 20/1/2017.

Indexed as

ExerciseExercise TherapySarcopeniaAgedAged, 80 and overCognitive TrainingFemaleHand StrengthHumansIndependent LivingMaleMuscle StrengthWalking SpeedCognitive trainingMuscle massMuscle strengthPhysical activityResistance trainingSarcopeniaWalking training

Identifiers

PMID39913030
PMCPMC11802700

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.