ArticleJournal of the American College of Surgeons2025
Examining Geographic Disparity: Variation in Cancer Outcomes Within Appalachia.
Article in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient, facility, and community determinants of timely follow up after abnormal screening mammograms in Appalachia: A multilevel analysis.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026Article
- Cancer Screening in Appalachia: A Common-Sense Approach.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Geospatial Analysis of Breast Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Access to Screening in Rural and Appalachian Virginia.Journal of Appalachian health · 2025Article
- Leveraging Machine Learning Models to Explore Disparities in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Appalachian region of the US extends from the Mississippi Delta to southern New York. Although disparities in Appalachian cancer outcomes have long been observed, recent rates and trends have not been assessed. STUDY
designWe calculated 5-year age-adjusted US cancer incidence and mortality rates for 2017 to 2021, stratified into Appalachian and non-Appalachian populations, as well as Appalachian subregions, using the US Cancer Statistics Incidence Analytics Database and National Center for Health Statistics mortality files. Annual rates for 2004 to 2021 were also calculated.
resultsIn 2017 to 2021, all-site cancer incidence (466.6; 95% CI 465.5 to 467.6) and mortality rates (165.5; 95% CI 164.9 to 166.1) among Appalachian residents were significantly higher (5.6% and 12.8%, respectively) than among non-Appalachian residents. Within Appalachia, the Central subregion-predominantly eastern Kentucky-had the highest rates of all-site cancer incidence (495.9) and mortality (201.9). In addition, the Central subregion had the highest rates of lung and colorectal cancer incidence, and the highest rates of lung, colorectal, and cervical cancer mortality. All-site cancer incidence and mortality rates among Appalachian individuals have decreased significantly since 2004 (-0.33% per year and -1.39% per year, respectively), with site-specific incidence rate decreases for late-stage lung (-2.19% per year), late-stage colorectal (-0.75% per year), and late-stage female breast (-0.35% per year) cancers in Appalachia.
conclusionsAlthough cancer incidence and mortality rates are declining in Appalachia, they remain substantially higher and demonstrate slower progress than elsewhere in the US-particularly in the Central Appalachian subregion-indicating the need for targeted research to delineate and address the factors driving these cancer health disparities.
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