Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39911538›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry global open science2025

Depressive and Negative Symptoms in the Early and Established Stages of Schizophrenia: Integrating Structural Brain Alterations, Cognitive Performance, and Plasma Interleukin 6 Levels.

Fabiana Corsi-Zuelli, Gary Donohoe, Siân Lowri Griffiths, Cristina M Del-Ben, Andrew J Watson, Tom Burke, Paris A Lalousis, Declan McKernan, Derek Morris, John Kelly and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry global open science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Fabiana Corsi-ZuelliInstitute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Gary DonohoeCentre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Siân Lowri GriffithsInstitute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Cristina M Del-BenDepartment of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Andrew J WatsonDepartment of Clinical and Motor Neuroscience, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
Tom BurkeCentre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Paris A LalousisDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Declan McKernanPharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Derek MorrisCentre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
John KellyPharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Colm McDonaldCentre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Saahithh R PatlolaPharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Carmine ParianteDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Nicholas M BarnesCollege of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Golam M KhandakerMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
John SucklingDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Bill DeakinDivision of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of the Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Rachel UpthegroveInstitute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Maria R DauvermannInstitute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Depressive and negative symptoms are related to poor functional outcomes in schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits, reduced brain cortical thickness and volumes, and inflammation may contribute to depressive and negative symptoms, but pharmacological treatment and disease progression may confound the associations. Methods: We evaluated whether higher plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels would be associated with more severe negative or depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and explored illness stage utilizing early (BeneMin [Benefit of Minocycline on Negative Symptoms of Psychosis: Extent and Mechanism], Results: Higher plasma IL-6 levels were related to more severe depressive symptoms in early schizophrenia ( Conclusions: Our results indicate that higher plasma IL-6 levels may be differently associated with the severity of depressive and negative symptoms dependent on the illness stage. Future work identifying elevated levels of inflammation in larger samples may allow stratification and personalized intervention by subgroups who are at risk of poor outcomes.

Indexed as

Depressive and negative symptomsGeneral cognitive functionPlasma interleukin 6SchizophreniaStructural equation modelingStructural MRI

Identifiers

PMID39911538
PMCPMC11795630

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.