ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Comparison of live birth rate and fetal outcomes between fresh embryo and frozen-thawed embryo transfers: a prospective study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Decade of Data from an IVF Center: Factors Contributing to Infertility, Their Prevalence, and Impact on Live Birth Rates.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating progestin-primed and GnRH antagonist ovarian stimulation protocols in PGT-A cycles: implications for clinical practice.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- In Vitro Fertilization and Dichorionic-Diamniotic Twin Pregnancies in Nulliparous Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing Pregnancy Outcomes Between Advanced and Younger Maternal Age Groups.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Hormone Replacement Cycle Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Is Associated With Elevated Perinatal Risk Compared With Natural Ovulatory Cycle Frozen-Thawed and Fresh Embryo Transfers: Retrospective Analysis of 7,593 Live Birth Cycles.Reproductive medicine and biologyArticle
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe study aimed to compare the pregnancy, prenatal, and postnatal outcomes between fresh and frozen embryo transfer (ET) in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles at Al-Zahra Referral Women's Hospital in northwest Iran.
methodsA prospective study was conducted among all infertile women (N = 469) who underwent embryo transfer between 2018 and 23 at Al-Zahra referral infertility center. Patients in cycles with fresh embryo transfer and patients for whom frozen embryos were transferred were compared in terms of live birth rate and fetal outcomes. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
resultsThe majority of the participants were primary infertility 83.3%. The rate of chemical and clinical pregnancy was (21.8% vs. 17.2%) and (19% vs. 13.4%) in the fresh embryo and the frozen embryo transfers, respectively. Likewise, the rate of live births was (14.1% vs. 9.1%), respectively. The number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in frozen ET compared to fresh ET (P = 0.001). In the final analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, no significant associations were found for clinical pregnancy (AOR = 1.51; 95% CI: 0.90-2.5; P = 0.125) and chemical pregnancy (AOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 0.81-2.3; P = 0.238) rates between fresh and frozen ETs. Similarly, there were no significant differences in live birth rate (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI: 0.54-12.4), preterm birth (AOR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.33-5.5), and primary infertility (AOR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.34-1.6) between fresh and frozen ETs. The incidence of multiple pregnancies and spontaneous abortion was (5% vs. 13.8%) and (22.2% vs. 30.2%) in the fresh embryo and frozen embryo groups, respectively.
conclusionNo significant differences in perinatal and postnatal outcomes were found between fresh and frozen embryo transfers.
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