Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39909405›Full record

ArticleACS chemical biology2025

siRNA-Mimetic Ratiometric pH (sMiRpH) Probes for Improving Cell Delivery and mRNA Knockdown.

Madison R Herling, Lizeth Lopez Vazquez, Ivan J Dmochowski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS chemical biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Cavity acidification limits ferritin iron biomineralization.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Madison R HerlingDepartment of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States.ORCID 0009-0004-0355-1059
Lizeth Lopez VazquezDepartment of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States.
Ivan J DmochowskiDepartment of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7162-1347

Funding

HEMATOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH TRAINING PROGRAMT32HL007439 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LAWRENCE F BRASS, PETER S KLEIN · 1985 to 2026
$17.1M
Designer Molecular Probes for Biomedical ApplicationsR35GM131907 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Ivan Julian Dmochowski · 2019 to 2026
$4.7M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007439NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM131907
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Second-generation siRNA-mimetic ratiometric pH probes (sMiRpH-2) were developed by hybridizing a 3'-FAM-labeled 2'-OMe RNA strand with a 3'-Cy5-labeled 25mer RNA strand. These duplexes demonstrated the silencing of cytoplasmic mRNA targets in HeLa cells as measured by RT-qPCR and supported by western blot analysis. Fluorescence intensity and lifetime measurements revealed that a single guanosine (G) positioned adjacent to FAM achieves substantial static quenching at pH 5, with additional collisional quenching rendering the dye almost nonemissive. A FAM-G π-π stacking interaction was evidenced by a red-shifted absorbance spectrum for FAM. Decreased quenching at near-neutral pH enhances the FAM dynamic range in the physiologic pH window and improves the differentiation in cells between endocytic entrapment and cytoplasmic release. Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular pH and uptake using sMiRpH-2 was corroborated by live cell confocal microscopy and found to be predictive of knockdown efficacy. A sMiRpH-2 probe successfully predicted the relative efficacy of two transfection agents in more challenging SK-OV-3 cells, which highlights its use for the rapid assessment of nonviral siRNA delivery vectors.

Indexed as

RNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingFluorescent DyesGene Knockdown TechniquesHeLa CellsHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationTransfectionFluorescent DyesRNA, MessengerRNA, Small Interfering

Identifiers

PMID39909405
PMCPMC11854375

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.