Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39907797›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2025

Development and evaluation of [

Wissam Beaino, Esther Jm Kooijman, Eryn L Werry, Rens J Vellinga, Johan Van den Hoek, Greta Sohler, Grace A Cumbers, Elijah Genetzakis, Edward D Harvey-Latham, Robert C Schuit and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Comparison of [Molecular imaging and biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Wissam BeainoDepartment Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands. w.beaino@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID 0000-0003-2216-4439
Esther Jm KooijmanDepartment Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
Eryn L WerrySchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6224-1286
Rens J VellingaDepartment Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
Johan Van den HoekDepartment Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
Greta SohlerSchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3065-4983
Grace A CumbersSchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.ORCID 0009-0002-3723-9114
Elijah GenetzakisSchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.ORCID 0009-0009-4381-7268
Edward D Harvey-LathamSchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.ORCID 0009-0003-4074-0433
Robert C SchuitDepartment Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4962-2367
Michael KassiouSchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6655-0529
Albert D WindhorstDepartment Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1250-7656
Jonathan J DanonSchool of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia. jonathan.danon@sydney.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0001-6242-1941

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is a widely used marker for imaging neuroinflammation via Positron Emission Tomography (PET). However, the vast majority of reported TSPO PET tracers display low binding affinity to a common isoform of human TSPO (rs6971; A147T), making them unsuitable for universal use in the general population. In this study, we have developed and preclinically validated two novel tracers designed to image TSPO in patients of all genotypes.

methodsNovel analogues of known TSPO ligands were synthesised, evaluated for TSPO binding affinity in vitro (membranes prepared from transfected HEK-293T cells expressing wild-type (WT) or A147T TSPO) and radiolabelled with carbon-11 or fluorine-18. They were evaluated in situ (autoradiography on genotyped human brain tissue) and in vivo (rat, both WT and clinically relevant experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) neuroinflammation model) as potential polymorphism-insensitive TSPO PET tracers.

resultsTwo new TSPO ligands, DPA-813 and DPA-814, displayed equivalent single-digit nanomolar binding affinities in vitro towards both human TSPO isoforms. [

conclusionWe have developed two novel PET tracers that display indiscriminately high binding affinity to both common isoforms of human TSPO, show favourable metabolic stability and brain penetration in rats, and significantly higher uptake in the spinal cord of a neuroinflammatory rat model of multiple sclerosis. Going forward, first-in-human clinical validation will mark a critical juncture in the development of these tracers, which could offer substantial improvements over existing imaging tools for detecting neuroinflammation, irrespective of genetic variations.

Indexed as

Polymorphism, Single NucleotidePositron-Emission TomographyPyrazolesPyrimidinesRadiopharmaceuticalsReceptors, GABAAnimalsCarbon RadioisotopesFluorine RadioisotopesHEK293 CellsHumansMaleRadioactive TracersRatsCarbon RadioisotopesFluorine RadioisotopesN,N-diethyl-2-(2-(4-(2-fluoroethoxy)phenyl)-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)acetamidePyrazolesPyrimidinesRadioactive TracersRadiopharmaceuticalsReceptors, GABATSPO protein, humanAutoradiographyExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisNeuroinflammationPolymorphismPositron emission tomographyTranslocator protein 18 kDa

Identifiers

PMID39907797
PMCPMC12119672

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.