Collaborative Working Relationships Between Community Prevention Coalitions and Their Technical Assistance Providers: A Mixed Methods Approach for the Development of an Innovative Implementation Measure.

Prior research suggests that technical assistance which includes one-on-one, individualized support, guidance, and assistance is necessary to promote high-quality implementation of evidence-based interventions. However, this area lacks measures. This paper uses a mixed methods and community-engaged approach to develop and then evaluate a standardized measure of the collaborative working relationship between technical assistance providers and coalitions/coalition leaders. For measure development, researchers interviewed eight coalition leaders and eight coalition technical assistance providers about their experience providing or receiving technical assistance, using a human-centered design approach. A heat-mapping technique used with the interview data identified 11 themes related to the provision of high-quality technical assistance. Researchers then created survey items through an iterative process. After multiple rounds of revision and feedback with coalition leaders and coalition and technical assistance researchers, the reliability of seven of the constructs was piloted with 52 coalition leaders. The seven constructs included the following: competence and autonomy support, responsiveness, authentic and meaningful participation, co-creation, trust and rapport, compliance, and negative interactions. Researchers used Cronbach's Alphas and correlational analyses to further refine the scales. Empirical results mapped well onto prior theoretical work and suggested that the collaborative working relationship is a multi-dimensional construct. This research moves prevention research methods and measurement development into a more community-engaged, stakeholder-involved approach.