ArticleHeliyon2025
Changes in climate extreme indices and agricultural drought monitoring in the semi-arid areas of Borana zone, southern Ethiopia.
Article in Heliyon, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Climate-Resilient Agriculture Practices for Enhancing Resilient Practices and Food Systems in Dry Regions.Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Climate variability and extremes negatively impact on agricultural productivity and production in arid and semi-arid areas of Ethiopia. This study evaluated changes in climate extreme indices in the semi-arid areas of Borana Zone. Data of daily rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature from 1993 to 2022 were acquired from the National Meteorological Institute of Ethiopia and Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS). R-package for climate extreme indices (RClimDex), Xlstat 2019, OriginPro, and ArcGIS software were used as data analysis tools to determine climate extreme indices, trends, and drought anomalies in the study area. Spatial and temporal variations in rainfall, temperature, and vegetation indices in the semi-arid Borana zone were analyzed using Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results revealed a decrease in the frequency of consecutive wet days (CWD), maximum 1-day precipitation amount (Rx1days), maximum 5-day precipitation amount (Rx5days), and very wet days (R95p) in Dire, Guchi, Wachele, and Moyale districts of Borana zone. Annual and monthly total precipitation (PRCPTOT) also decreased in Dhaso, Dilo, Dubluk, Guchi, Moyale, and Tatlate districts of the semi-arid areas of the zone over the study years. Warm spell duration index (WSDI), monthly or annual maximum of daily minimum temperature (TNx), warm nights (TN90p), and warm days (TX90p) showed an increase in the study area. However, standardized precipitation indices of R10, R20, R95p, and R99p indicated moderate drought across the studied districts of Borana zone. The Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) showed higher drought severity and spatial distribution in Dilo and Yabelo, whereas Temperature Condition Index (TCI) detected in Dire, Dubluk and Yabelo areas indicated drought stress due to moisture and thermal stress. Moisture-stress and thermal-stress play role in drought formation, whereas, drought severity is determined by moisture availability, which is dependent on rainfall. We demonstrate that the study area experienced moderate to severe drought frequent over the study years, and multiple satellite-based drought indices are necessary for better early warning and assessment of agricultural drought in the study area. Further studies that consider socioeconomic aspects of the farmers in the area are necessary to better understand the impacts of climate extremes on smallholder farmers, and devise location-specific adaptation strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.