ArticleHealth science reports2025
Prevalence of Opportunistic Infections and Determinants Among HIV-Positive Patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Article in Health science reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Opportunistic infections (OIs) associated with HIV are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Evaluating the extent of OIs at the national level is essential for developing targeted interventions and effective control measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pooled prevalence and identify the associated factors of OIs among HIV-positive individuals across all age groups. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. It included studies published in English, research articles conducted in Ethiopia, and articles released between 2013 and 2023. A systematic search of articles on the prevalence and determinants of OIs among patients living with HIV in Ethiopia was conducted across four databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library). To evaluate heterogeneity and publication bias, the study employed Cochran's Q, inverse variance (I Results: Of the 207 articles examined, only 26 met the inclusion requirements. The overall prevalence of OIs among HIV-positive patients was 42.71% (95% CI: 36.87-48.56). OIs among HIV-positive individuals were significantly associated with baseline WHO clinical stage II and above (OR: 2.83; 95% CI: 1.93-3.73), khat chewers (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.21-2.66), poor adherence to ART (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.51-3.13), and individuals with an initial CD4 number less than 200 cells/mm Conclusion: Chewing khat, poor adherence, low CD4 count, and WHO stage II and above were found to be predictors of OIs. A constant state of awareness is required for healthcare providers to improve decisions about the proper diagnosis and management of OIs among HIV-positive individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.