Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39905748›Full record

ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025

The Environmental Impact of Medical Imaging Agents and the Roadmap to Sustainable Medical Imaging.

Verena Pichler, Ricardo P Martinho, Lisanne Temming, Tim Segers, Frederik R Wurm, Olga Koshkina

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Medical Imaging Contrast Media Use.JAMA network open · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Verena PichlerDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
Ricardo P MartinhoBiomolecular Nanotechnology Group, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522, The Netherlands.
Lisanne TemmingSustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522, The Netherlands.
Tim SegersBIOS / Lab on a Chip Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7514DM, The Netherlands.
Frederik R WurmSustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-8489
Olga KoshkinaSustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1202-6465

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medical imaging agents, i.e., contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiopharmaceuticals, play a vital role in the diagnosis of diseases. Yet, they mostly contain harmful and non-biodegradable substances, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), heavy metals or radionuclides. As a result of their increasing clinical use, these agents are entering various water bodies and soil, posing risks to environment and human health. Here, the environmental effects of the application of imaging agents are outlined for the major imaging modalities, and the respective chemistry of the contrast agents with environmental implications is linked. Recommendations are introduced for the design and application of contrast agents: the 3Cs of imaging agents: control, change, and combine; and recent approaches for more sustainable imaging strategies are highlighted. This combination of measures should engage an open discussion, inspire solutions to reduce pollution by imaging agents, and increase awareness for the impact of toxic waste related to imaging agents.

Indexed as

Contrast MediaDiagnostic ImagingRadiopharmaceuticalsWater Pollutants, ChemicalWater Pollution, ChemicalHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingContrast MediaRadiopharmaceuticalsWater Pollutants, Chemicalcomputed tomographycontrast agentsmagnetic resonance imagingnuclear imagingultrasound imaging

Identifiers

PMID39905748
PMCPMC11884531

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.