ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2025
Examining general, physical, and mental health disparities between transgender and cisgender adults in the U.S.
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Encapsulating the burden and social determinants of self-reported general health problems among a specific sub-group of transgender women in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a mixed-methods study.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Determinants of male global health and quality of life in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study using a gender-diverse approach.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Psychosocial and mental health outcomes associated with gender-affirming interventions among transgender youth: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Clinical and Psychosocial Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among Transgender Individuals: A National BioResource Cohort Study.Clinical and experimental gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Eating behaviors in transmasculine and transfeminine adults assessed by the three factor eating questionnaire.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundWith the proliferation of anti-transgender policies in some U.S. jurisdictions, this study examines the general, mental, and physical health of transgender and cisgender populations.
methodsData from the 2020-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed to examine associations between gender identity and health outcomes. Propensity score weighting was used to address potential imbalances among group characteristics. We conducted logistic regression for the binary outcome of self-rated health and quasi-Poisson regression for the number of days reporting poor mental and physical health.
resultsResults reveal significant disparities in health outcomes, with transgender individuals reporting lower proportions of good general health and more days of poor mental and physical health compared to cisgender individuals. In the adjusted analyses, transgender individuals were significantly less likely to report good general health compared to cisgender peers (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.52-0.69). Gender nonconforming (GNC), male-to-female (MTF), and female-to-male (FTM) individuals had lower odds of reporting good general health compared to cisgender individuals (GNC, OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.35-0.61; MTF, OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.53-0.85; FTM, OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.57-0.87). GNC individuals had an 86% higher frequency of poor mental health days (IRR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.57-2.21) and a 37% higher frequency of poor physical health days (IRR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.15-1.63) compared to cisgender counterparts. Similarly, MTF and FTM individuals had significantly higher frequencies of poor mental and physical health days.
conclusionsThe study highlights significant health disparities faced by transgender individuals, who report poorer general, mental, and physical health. These findings underscore the need to address the unique challenges and improve health outcomes within the transgender community.
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