Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39905446›Full record

ReviewJournal of translational medicine2025

"Lost in translation?" Animal research in the era of precision medicine.

Hamideh Frühwein, Norbert W Paul

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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  9. Nutrition as a systems regulator of brain aging trajectories.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hamideh FrühweinInstitute for History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, University Medical Center, Am Pulverturm 13, 55131, Mainz, Germany. h.mahdiani@uni-mainz.de.ORCID 0000-0001-8866-663X
Norbert W PaulInstitute for History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, University Medical Center, Am Pulverturm 13, 55131, Mainz, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Preclinical animal research has long been a cornerstone in evaluating the efficacy, toxicity, and safety of potential drug treatments before they proceed to human clinical trials. However, given the intricate nature of human physiology and the complexities of diseases such as cancer, this paper critically examines the role of animal experimentation in translational research, both from epistemological and ethical viewpoints. We argue that the ethical obligation to protect animals extends beyond their instrumental value for human benefit; it is rooted in the intrinsic value of their well-being. Consequently, we advocate for a paradigm shift in medical research: the adoption of new approach methodologies (NAMs) not merely as supplementary tools but as complete replacements for animal use in medical studies. In this context, replacement emerges as the key principle-an imperative that should be prioritized over all other considerations.

Indexed as

Animal ExperimentationPrecision MedicineTranslational Research, BiomedicalAnimalsHumans3RAnimal ethicsEvidence-based medicineMurine modelsPrecision medicine

Identifiers

PMID39905446
PMCPMC11796152

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.