Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39904527›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2025

Guidance for protocol content and reporting of factorial randomised trials: explanation and elaboration of the CONSORT 2010 and SPIRIT 2013 extensions.

Brennan C Kahan, Edmund Juszczak, Elaine Beller, Megan Birchenall, An-Wen Chan, Sophie Hall, Paul Little, John Fletcher, Robert M Golub, Beatriz Goulao and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Brennan C KahanMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London WC1V 6LJ, UK b.kahan@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9957-0844
Edmund JuszczakNottingham Clinical Trials Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Elaine BellerInstitute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia.
Megan BirchenallNottingham Clinical Trials Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
An-Wen ChanWomen's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sophie HallNottingham Clinical Trials Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Paul LittlePrimary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
John FletcherThe BMJ, BMA House, London, UK.
Robert M GolubDepartment of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Beatriz GoulaoHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Sally HopewellOxford Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nazrul IslamPrimary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Merrick ZwarensteinCentre For Studies in Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Diana ElbourneLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Alan MontgomeryNottingham Clinical Trials Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Identifiers

PMID39904527
PMCPMC11791685

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.