Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39903810›Full record

ReviewScience signaling2025

The biology of addiction.

Eric J Nestler

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Science signaling, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Synaptogyrin-3 plays a critical role in addiction-related dopamine dysfunction and behavioral maladaptations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Critical Periods and Beyond: Dynamic Functions of Perineuronal Nets in Cognition, Development, and Disease.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Eric J NestlerNash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7905-2000

Funding

Transcription Factors in Stimulant and Opioid ActionP01DA047233 · NIDA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Li Shen · 2019 to 2026
$16.5M
Neurotrophic Mechanisms in Opiate and Cocaine ActionR01DA014133 · NIDA · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI ERIC J. NESTLER · 2000 to 2026
$12.1M
Small molecule modulators of ΔFosB FunctionR01DA040621 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI NESTLER, ERIC J., ROBISON, ALFRED J · 2016 to 2025
$7.1M
Molecular Studies of Cocaine Action in BrainR01DA007359 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI NESTLER, ERIC J. · 1991 to 2025
$5.6M
NIDA NIH HHS P01 DA047233NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA007359NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA014133NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA040621
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tools of modern genetics and neurobiology have propelled a renaissance of research that has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of drug addiction. We know that an individual's risk for addiction is determined by interactions between genetics and environment and that only a minute fraction of chemical agents share the ability to act on this vulnerability to induce a state of addiction. Repeated exposure to these drugs causes addiction through repeated activation of dopaminergic transmission (and many other actions) in the brain, inducing changes at the molecular, cellular, and synaptic levels that, over time, rewire the circuitry throughout the limbic system. In this Review, I discuss how we are gaining a clearer picture of this drug-induced plasticity-some of which is shared by all addictive drugs, whereas other aspects are specific to certain drug classes-and of the ways in which these adaptations mediate the range of behavioral abnormalities that define the addicted state. Despite the challenges, there is reason for optimism in translating this rich biological understanding of addiction into improved treatments for the many individuals burdened by this illness around the world.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveNeuronal PlasticitySubstance-Related DisordersAnimalsBrainDopamineHumansSynaptic TransmissionDopamine

Identifiers

PMID39903810
PMCPMC13033186

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.