Trial reportJCI insight2025
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of IL-7 in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
Trial report in JCI insight, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection in UK
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection in France and Belgium
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection. US Oncology Cohort
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study of Recombinant Interleukin-7 (CYT107) for Immune Restoration of Hospitalized Lymphopenic Patients With Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection. US Infectious Cohort
Recombinant Human InterLeukin-7 (CYT107) to Improve Clinical Outcomes in Lymphopenic PAtients With COVID-19 Infection - "ILIAD 7 Trial" Brazil Cohort
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adjuvant roles of interleukin-7 in enhancing T cell recovery during antiretroviral therapy for individuals with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Host-directed immune therapies: a second front in the battle against sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Postoperative complications in patients with chemotherapy-induced acute myeloid leukemia (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- First-in-human use of recombinant IL-7 to potentiate antigen-specific T cell therapy: a single patient case study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- T lymphocyte regulatory cytokines predict frailty in older adults.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeting immunosenescence in lung diseases: mechanistic insights and clinical interventions.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Cytotoxic CD4Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Bench-to-Bedside Insights into the Challenges of Immunosuppression in Sepsis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Interleukins in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Immunopathogenesis, Therapeutic Perspectives and Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Impaired systemic antibody response against gut microbiota pathobionts in critical illness and susceptibility to nosocomial infections.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- The "cytokine storm" in infection and sepsis: win the battle but lose the war.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Sepsis: Immune Trajectories, Monocyte Dysfunction, and Translational Biomarkers.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Tracking immune dysregulation in COVID-19: lymphocyte dynamics from hospitalization to recovery.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025Article
- T-cell exhaustion in COVID-19: what do we know?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Potential of interleukin-7 in sepsis as a biomarker and therapeutic agent: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- IL-7: a potential next-generation adjuvant for immune cell therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Symptom relief and cytokine modulation by clarithromycin in mild COVID-19 pneumonia: an exploratory, multicenter, randomized-controlled open-label trial (CAME-COVID study).Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLymphopenia and failure of lymphocytes to mount an early IFN-γ response correlate with increased mortality in COVID-19. Given the essential role of CD4 helper and CD8 cytotoxic cells in eliminating viral pathogens, this profound loss in lymphocytes may impair patients' ability to eliminate the virus. IL-7 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is obligatory for lymphocyte survival and optimal function.
methodsWe conducted a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of CYT107, recombinant human IL-7, in 109 critically ill, patients with lymphopenia who have COVID-19. The primary endpoint was to assess CYT107's effect on lymphocyte recovery with secondary clinical endpoints including safety, ICU and hospital length-of-stay, incidence of secondary infections, and mortality.
resultsCYT107 was well tolerated without precipitating a cytokine storm or worsening pulmonary function. Absolute lymphocyte counts increased in both groups without a significant difference between CYT107 and placebo. Patients with COVID-19 receiving CYT107 but not concomitant antiviral medications, known inducers of lymphopenia, had a final lymphocyte count that was 43% greater than placebo (P = 0.067). There were significantly fewer treatment-emergent adverse events in CYT107 versus placebo-treated patients (P < 0.001), consistent with a beneficial drug effect. Importantly, CYT107-treated patients had 44% fewer hospital-acquired infections versus placebo-treated patients (P = 0.014).
conclusionGiven that hospital-acquired infections are responsible for a large percentage of COVID-19 deaths, this effect of CYT107 to decrease nosocomial infections could substantially reduce late morbidity and mortality in this highly lethal disease. The strong safety profile of CYT107 and its excellent tolerability provide support for trials of CYT107 in other potential pandemic respiratory viral infections.
trial registrationNCT04379076, NCT04426201, NCT04442178, NCT04407689, NCT04927169.
fundingFunding for the trial was provided by RevImmune and the Cancer Research Institute.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.