ArticleBlood advances2025
CD19.CAR T-cell-derived extracellular vesicles express CAR and kill leukemic cells, contributing to antineoplastic therapy.
Article in Blood advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- CAR-engineered neutrophils derived from induced pluripotent stem cells: a new frontier in cellular immunotherapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- CAR-T TEMRA and CAR-Tregs in vivo expansion are both associated with a poor response after CD19.CAR-T therapy.Bone marrow transplantation · 2026Article
- Review
- Engineered small extracellular vesicles in hematologic malignancies: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and translational challenges.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Emerging strategies to reduce the side effects of CAR-T cell therapy: focusing on gene editing and nanotechnology.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Flow Cytometry Role in Unlocking New Frontiers for Nanomedicine Applications of Plant-Derived Vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Review
- Harnessing CAR-Extracellular Vesicles for Next-Generation Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The avatar principle: exosomal dynamics guiding tumor adaptation and next-generation therapeutic strategies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- CAR T cell engineering approaches to minimise toxicities.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Review
- iPSC-derived CAR-NK extracellular vesicles for non-small cell lung cancer: evidence, engineering, and translational barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Molecular cross-talk via extracellular vesicles for the characterization of young subjects with type 1 diabetes unravels new potential markers of insulin resistance and double diabetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Harnessing the power of exosomes in leukemia: from molecular messengers to clinical applications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Clinical potential of CAR T cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CAR-EVs) in cancer therapy: a cell-free approach.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles for CAR T-cell therapy immunomonitoring.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Diagnostic and prognostic roles of endothelial- and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Exo-nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy: reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CAR-exosomes derived from immune cells: an emerging nanoscale vanguard in overcoming tumor immunotherapy hurdles.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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35 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
abstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) might represent a new therapeutic tool for boosting CAR T-cell antileukemic effects. Here, a cohort of 22 patients who received infusion with CD19 CAR T cells were monitored for the presence of circulating CD19 CAR+ T-cell-derived EVs (CD19.CAR+EVs), which were then separated and functionally characterized for their killing abilities. A good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant separation method was also developed. Results demonstrated that CD19.CAR+EVs were detectable in peripheral blood up to 2 years after infusion, indicating long-lasting persistence of their parental cells. Notably, early decreases of circulating CD19.CAR+EV concentrations correlated with failure of CAR T-cell therapy. Circulating CD19.CAR+EVs displayed a median size (standard deviation) of 133.1 ± 65.5 nm and carried a proapoptotic protein cargo. These EVs expressed higher CAR levels than their parental cells. Furthermore, CD19.CAR+EVs did not activate heterologous T cells and produced significant, specific, and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on CD19+ cell lines and primary cells. The new GMP-compliant EV isolation method allowed for a recovery of 63% ± 5.7% of CD19.CAR+EVs. A deeper analysis of the different protein cargoes carried by EVs derived from different CAR T-cell subpopulations identified a proapoptotic functional pathway linked to CD8+LAG-3+ EVs. Overall, our data indicate that CD19.CAR+EVs may be proposed as promising dynamic new biomarkers of CAR T-cell activity and, by contributing to the direct killing of leukemic targets, represent a new product with strong therapeutic potential that could be infused independently of CAR T cells.
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