ArticleBMJ medicine2024
Comparative effectiveness of monovalent XBB.1.5 containing covid-19 mRNA vaccines in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden: target trial emulation based on registry data.
Article in BMJ medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Vaccine effectiveness across the Omicron evolutionary spectrum (BA.2, BA.5, XBB, JN.1, KP.3): a systematic review of studies published 2022-2025.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Overview of adult immunization in Finland: Successes, lessons learned and the way forward.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Risk Factors for Secondary Immunodeficiency in the Aged.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Potential Public Health and Economic Impact of the Next-Generation COVID-19 Vaccine mRNA-1283 in The Netherlands.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Feasibility of conducting brand-specific influenza vaccine effectiveness studies in three Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Sweden.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: a prospective outlook from technological innovation to clinical practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine boosters for reducing COVID-19 mortality among people aged 65 years or older, Australia, August 2023 - February 2024: a retrospective observational cohort study.The Medical journal of Australia · 2025Observational
- The Mirror of Erised: a retrospective population-wide study of Czech all-cause mortality data by COVID-19 vaccination status.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 KP.3.1.1 and XEC in Serum From Seniors in May 2024.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- XBB.1.5 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine protection against inpatient or emergency department visits among adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 and XBB-lineage variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Antigenic Imprinting Dominates Humoral Responses to New Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a Hamster Model of COVID-19.Microorganisms · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
abstractObjective: To estimate the effectiveness of vaccination with a monovalent covid-19 mRNA vaccine containing the omicron XBB.1.5 subvariant against severe covid-19 disease in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. Design: Target trial emulation based on registry data. Setting: Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, 1 October 2023 to 21 April 2024. Participants: Source population of 3 898 264 individuals eligible for vaccination with the XBB.1.5 containing covid-19 mRNA vaccine at the start of the study on 1 October 2023. Study cohort comprised 1 876 282 recipients of an XBB.1.5 containing vaccine during the study period matched with 1 876 282 non-recipients. Individuals were aged ≥65 years (mean age 75.4 years, standard deviation 7.4 years) and had received at least four doses of a previous covid-19 vaccine. Main outcome measures: Cumulative incidences of hospital admissions and deaths related to covid-19 in a follow-up period of 24 weeks after immunisation (defined as one week after vaccination) in recipients of an XBB.1.5 containing covid-19 mRNA vaccine and matched non-recipients. Cumulative incidences were used to calculate comparative vaccine effectiveness (1-risk ratio) and risk differences. Results: The associated comparative vaccine effectiveness was 57.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 49.9% to 65.8%) against hospital admission for covid-19 (1085 Conclusions: In this study, in adults aged ≥65 years, vaccination with a monovalent XBB.1.5 containing covid-19 mRNA vaccine was associated with reduced rates of hospital admissions for covid-19 and deaths related to covid-19, during the autumn and winter of 2023-24 in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden.
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