ArticleMolecular autism2025
Atypical early neural responses to native and non-native language in infants at high likelihood for developing autism.
Article in Molecular autism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Language network functional connectivity in infancy predicts developmental language trajectories.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Functional Connectivity of the Neonatal Cerebellum is Impacted by Sex and Polygenic Liability for Autism.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Utilizing functional neuroimaging to study early language development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Review
- Language network functional connectivity in infancy predicts developmental language trajectories.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Beyond motor learning: Insights from infant magnetic resonance imaging on the critical role of the cerebellum in behavioral development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Review
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Abstract
backgroundLanguage difficulties are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Amongst infant siblings of children with an ASD diagnosis - who are at higher likelihood for developing ASD - a high proportion also show difficulties and delays in language acquisition.
methodsIn this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine differences in language processing in 9-month-old infants at high (HL) and typical (TL) familial likelihood for ASD. Infants were presented with native (English) and novel (Japanese) speech while sleeping naturally in the scanner. Whole-brain and a priori region-of-interest analyses were conducted to evaluate neural differences in language processing based on likelihood group and language condition.
resultsHL infants showed attenuated responses to speech in general, particularly in left temporal language areas, as well as a lack of neural discrimination between the native and novel languages compared to the TL group. Importantly, we also demonstrate that HL infants show distinctly atypical patterns of lateralization for speech processing, particularly during native speech processing, suggesting a failure to left-lateralize. LIMITATIONS: The sample size, particularly for the TL group, is relatively modest because of the challenges inherent to collecting auditory stimulus-evoked data from sleeping participants, as well as retention and follow-up difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The groups were not matched on some demographic variables, but the present findings held even after accounting for these differences.
conclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first fMRI study to directly measure autism-associated atypicalities in native language uptake during infancy. These findings provide a better understanding of the neurodevelopmental underpinnings of language delay in ASD, which is a prerequisite step for developing earlier and more effective interventions for autistic children and HL siblings who experience language impairments.
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