ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2025
Integrative analysis of immunogenic PANoptosis and experimental validation of cinobufagin-induced activation to enhance glioma immunotherapy.
Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on PANoptosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Autophagy determines the fate of immune cells by regulating metabolic remodeling and PANoptosis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Targeting the non-coding RNA-PANoptosis axis: a novel frontier in disease diagnosis and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- PANoptosis and Immune Remodeling in the Tumor Microenvironment.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- PANoptosis in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes.Molecular oncology · 2026Review
- Integrated PANoptosis Profiling Identifies Immunosuppressive Subtypes and a Prognostic Signature With Functional Validation of MLKL in Glioblastoma.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Dissecting PANoptosis in the Nervous System: A Unified Cell-Death Mechanism Driving Neuroimmune Activation and Chronic Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- PCK2 as a potential therapeutic target for aggressive MYC-amplified non-WNT/non-SHH medulloblastoma based on tumor continuum.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- The molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and its implications in tumor immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- PANoptosis in diabetic retinopathy: immunological insights into mechanisms and translational therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic targeting of cell death-immune crosstalk in cancer to rewire the tumor immune microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- PANoptosis in cancer: bridging molecular mechanisms to therapeutic innovations.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Investigating the molecular mechanisms and clinical potential of APO+ endothelial cells associated with PANoptosis in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma using single-cell sequencing data.Translational oncology · 2025Article
- PANoptosis as a Two-Edged Sword in Colorectal Cancer: A Pathogenic Mechanism and Therapeutic Opportunity.Cells · 2025Review
- A potential strategy to rebuild the tumor immune microenvironment: PANoptosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Metal-Based Nanomedicines for Inducing Programmed Cell Death to Enhance the Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- PANoptosis in urological diseases: molecular mechanisms, pathological roles, and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The molecular mechanisms, roles, and potential applications of PANoptosis in cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- PANoptosis: Cross-Talk Among Apoptosis, Necroptosis, and Pyroptosis in Neurological Disorders.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlioma, particularly glioblastoma (GBM), is a highly aggressive tumor with limited responsiveness to immunotherapy. PANoptosis, a form of programmed cell death merging pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, plays an important role in reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhancing immunotherapy effectiveness. This study investigates PANoptosis dynamics in glioma and explores the therapeutic potential of its activation, particularly through natural compounds such as cinobufagin.
methodsWe comprehensively analyzed PANoptosis-related genes (PANoRGs) in multiple glioma cohorts, identifying different PANoptosis patterns and constructing the PANoptosis enrichment score (PANoScore) to evaluate its relationship with patient prognosis and immune activity. Cinobufagin, identified as a PANoptosis activator, was evaluated for its ability to induce PANoptosis and enhance anti-tumor immune responses both in vitro and in vivo GBM models.
resultsOur findings indicate that high PANoScore gliomas showed increased immune cell infiltration, particularly effector T cells, and enhanced sensitivity to immunotherapies. Cinobufagin effectively induced PANoptosis, leading to increased immunogenic cell death, facilitated tumor-associated microglia/macrophages (TAMs) polarization towards an M1-like phenotype while augmenting CD4+/CD8 + T cell infiltration and activation. Importantly, cinobufagin combined with anti-PD-1 therapy exhibited significant synergistic effects and prolonged survival in GBM models.
conclusionsThese findings highlight the therapeutic potential of PANoptosis-targeting agents, such as cinobufagin, in combination with immunotherapy, offering a promising approach to convert "cold" tumors into "hot" ones and improving glioma treatment outcomes.
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