Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39901022›Full record

ArticleCommunications engineering2024

Ex vivo validation of magnetically actuated intravascular untethered robots in a clinical setting.

Leendert-Jan W Ligtenberg, Nicole C A Rabou, Constantinos Goulas, Wytze C Duinmeijer, Frank R Halfwerk, Jutta Arens, Roger Lomme, Veronika Magdanz, Anke Klingner, Emily A M Klein Rot and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications engineering, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Performance Estimation and Ex Vivo Validation of Untethered Magnetic Robots in Soft Tissue.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Magnetic Milli-Spinner for Robotic Endovascular Surgery.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Exploring the Coating of Gold Nanoparticles with Lipids.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Leendert-Jan W LigtenbergDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-1960-5283
Nicole C A RabouDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Constantinos GoulasDepartment of Design Production and Management, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Wytze C DuinmeijerDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-0079
Frank R HalfwerkDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-9728
Jutta ArensDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Roger LommeRadboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Veronika MagdanzDepartment of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-033X
Anke KlingnerDepartment of Physics, German University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-433X
Emily A M Klein RotLipoCoat B.V., 7521 AG, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Colin H E NijlandLipoCoat B.V., 7521 AG, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Dorothee WasserbergLipoCoat B.V., 7521 AG, Enschede, The Netherlands.
H Remco LiefersTechnical Medical Centre, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Pascal JonkheijmLipoCoat B.V., 7521 AG, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Arturo Susarrey-ArceMesoscale Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Michiel WarléDepartment of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Islam S M KhalilDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands. i.s.m.khalil@utwente.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0617-088X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intravascular surgical instruments require precise navigation within narrow vessels, necessitating maximum flexibility, minimal diameter, and high degrees of freedom. Existing tools often lack control during insertion due to undesirable bending, limiting vessel accessibility and risking tissue damage. Next-generation instruments aim to develop hemocompatible untethered devices controlled by external magnetic forces. Achieving this goal remains complex due to testing and implementation challenges in clinical environments. Here we assess the operational effectiveness of hemocompatible untethered magnetic robots using an ex vivo porcine aorta model. The results demonstrate a linear decrease in the swimming speed of untethered magnetic robots as arterial blood flow increases, with the capability to navigate against a maximum arterial flow rate of 67 mL/min. The untethered magnetic robots effectively demonstrate locomotion in a difficult-to-access target site, navigating through the abdominal aorta and reaching the distal end of the renal artery.

Identifiers

PMID39901022
PMCPMC11099159

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.