Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39900927›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Direct probing of energy gaps and bandwidth in gate-tunable flat band graphene systems.

Jin Jiang, Qixuan Gao, Zekang Zhou, Cheng Shen, Mario Di Luca, Emily Hajigeorgiou, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Mitali Banerjee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jin JiangLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Qixuan GaoLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Zekang ZhouLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Cheng ShenLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Mario Di LucaLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Emily HajigeorgiouLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Kenji WatanabeResearch Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-8119
Takashi TaniguchiResearch Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-3105
Mitali BanerjeeLaboratory of Quantum Physics (LQP), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. mitali.banerjee@epfl.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-5690-5822

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Moiré systems featuring flat electronic bands exhibit a vast landscape of emergent exotic quantum states, making them one of the resourceful platforms in condensed matter physics. Tuning these systems via twist angle and the electric field greatly enhances our comprehension of their strongly correlated ground states. Here, we report a technique to investigate the nuanced intricacies of band structures in dual-gated multilayer graphene systems. We utilize the Landau levels of a decoupled monolayer graphene to extract the electric field-dependent bilayer graphene charge neutrality point gap. Then, we extend this method to analyze the evolution of the band gap and the flat bandwidth in twisted mono-bilayer graphene. The band gap maximizes at the same displacement field where the flat bandwidth minimizes, concomitant with the emergence of a strongly correlated phase. Moreover, we extract integer and fractional quantum Hall gaps to further demonstrate the strength of this method. Our technique paves the way for improving the understanding of electronic band structures in versatile flat band systems.

Identifiers

PMID39900927
PMCPMC11791088

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.