ArticleNature plants2025
The BRUTUS iron sensor and E3 ligase facilitates soybean root nodulation by monoubiquitination of NSP1.
Article in Nature plants, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Elevated COProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Optimization of the Chemical Monoubiquitination System for Low-Solubility Protein: Achieving Balance Between Specificity and Yield.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Ubiquitination as a multi-layer regulatory network in legume-rhizobium symbiosis.Plant cell reports · 2026Review
- Engineering Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation for Agriculture: Predominant Role of Host Plants and Fine-Tuning Regulation.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Iron need attention: a review on the role of iron in plants.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- A 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' effector SDE2470 facilitates citrus transcription factor CsVOZ2 degradation via BRUTUS E3 ligases.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Iron-Integrated Nitrogen-Rich Nanocarriers Boost Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Growth in Soybean (Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- BRUTUS at the crossroad of iron uptake and nodulation.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
- Micronutrients: Minor yet crucial for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.Plant communications · 2025Article
- Iron-sensing and redox properties of the hemerythrin-like domains of Arabidopsis BRUTUS and BRUTUS-LIKE2 proteins.Nature communications · 2025Article
- BRUTUS links iron with legume-rhizobia symbiosis.Nature plants · 2025Article
- Pseudouridine is the hidden language of plant RNA translation.Nature plants · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Legumes form root nodules with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria, which require ample iron to ensure symbiosis establishment and efficient nitrogen fixation. The functions and mechanisms of iron in nitrogen-fixing nodules are well established. However, the role of iron and the mechanisms by which legumes sense iron and incorporate this cue into nodulation signalling pathways remain unclear. Here we show that iron is a key driver of nodulation because symbiotic nodules cannot form without iron, even under conditions of sufficient light and low nitrogen. We further identify an iron optimum for soybean nodulation and the iron sensor BRUTUS A (BTSa) which acts as a hub for integrating iron and nodulation cues. BTSa is induced by rhizobia, binds to and is stabilized by iron. In turn, BTSa stabilizes and enhances the transcriptional activation activity of pro-nodulation transcription factor NSP1a by monoubiquitination from its RING domain and consequently activates nodulation signalling. Monoubiquitination of NSP1 by BTS is conserved in legumes to trigger nodulation under iron sufficiency. Thus, iron status is an essential cue to trigger nodulation and BTSa integrates cues from rhizobial infection and iron status to orchestrate host responses towards establishing symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
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