Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39900409›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2025

Association between poor oral health and deterioration of appetite in older age: results from longitudinal analyses of two prospective cohorts from the UK and USA.

Suruchi G Ganbavale, Ziyi Cai, John C Mathers, Olia Papacosta, Lucy Lennon, Peter H Whincup, Robert Weyant, S Goya Wannamethee, Sheena E Ramsay

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Suruchi G GanbavaleNewcastle University Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK s.ganbavale@liverpool.ac.uk Suruchi.Ganbavale@newcastle.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-5795
Ziyi CaiNewcastle University Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
John C MathersHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Olia PapacostaDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lucy LennonDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Peter H WhincupCity St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Robert WeyantDental Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
S Goya WannametheeDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-9977
Sheena E RamsayInstitute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Funding

Peripheral Nerve Function Decline in an Aged CohortR01AG028050 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI STROTMEYER, ELSA S. · 2007 to 2015
$3.5M
End of Life in the Very OldR01NR012459 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI ALBERT, STEVEN M, LUNNEY, JUNE R · 2011 to 2015
$2.7M
Understanding the contribution of poor oral health to sarcopenia in older age and underlying mechanisms using UK and US cohort studiesR03DE028505 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE · PI RAMSAY, SHEENA ESTHER · 2019 to 2020
$213k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG028050NIDCR NIH HHS R03 DE028505NINR NIH HHS R01 NR012459
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study investigated the association of poor oral health with appetite loss and deterioration in appetite longitudinally in older adults.

designCross-sectional and longitudinal observational study.

settingData came from two population-based cohorts of older adults from the UK and USA.

participantsThe British Regional Heart Study (BRHS) included men (n=1348, age=79-87 years in 2016-2017 at baseline and 81-89 years in 2018-2019 at follow-up). The US Health, Aging and Body Composition (HABC) Study included men and women (n=2998, age=71-77 years in 1998-1999 at baseline and 73-79 years in 2000-2001 at follow-up). Objective and self-reported oral health measures were collected. OUTCOME MEASURES: Loss of appetite, at baseline and 2-year follow-up, was based on the Simplified Nutrition Assessment Questionnaire in the BRHS and self-reported appetite loss in the HABC Study. In the BRHS, changes in oral health over time were also assessed. Logistic regression models were adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioural and health-related factors.

resultsCross-sectionally, poor self-rated oral health, dry mouth, eating or chewing difficulty, food avoidance and cumulative oral health problems were associated with appetite loss in both studies. Longitudinally, in the BRHS, dry mouth (OR=2.12 (95% CI=1.40 to 3.20)), eating or chewing difficulty (OR=1.59 (95% CI=1.02 to 2.48)), food avoidance (OR=1.75 (95% CI=1.16 to 2.65)) and cumulative oral health problems (OR=2.84 (95% CI=1.80 to 4.50)) at baseline were associated with sustained poor/deterioration in appetite over the follow-up, after full adjustment. In the HABC Study, self-rated oral health ((OR=1.13 (95% CI=1.01 to 1.27)), tooth loss (OR=1.78 (95% CI=1.15 to 2.76)), dry mouth (OR=1.76 (95% CI=1.02 to 3.03)), eating or chewing difficulty (OR=1.88 (95% CI=1.41 to 2.50)) and cumulative oral health problems (OR=1.89 (95% CI=1.33 to 2.70)) at baseline were associated with sustained poor/deterioration in appetite during follow-up. In the BRHS, sustained poor/deterioration in oral health markers (self-rated oral health, dry mouth, eating or chewing difficulty, food avoidance, loose denture/s) over the follow-up were associated with sustained poor/deterioration of appetite.

conclusionOral health is a potentially important contributor to maintaining good appetite in older age.

Indexed as

AppetiteOral HealthAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleProspective StudiesSelf ReportUnited KingdomUnited StatesXerostomiaAgedAgingHealth EquityNUTRITION & DIETETICSPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID39900409
PMCPMC11795386

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.