Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39899708›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025

The unique reactivity of EKODE lipid peroxidation products allows in vivo detection of inflammation.

Chuan Shi, Roozbeh Eskandari, Jianye Zhang, Guofang Zhang, Li Li, Deandrea Hawkins, Xiongwei Zhu, Gregory P Tochtrop

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. LCN2-Driven Fibroblast Ferroptosis-Associated Injury Promotes Keratinocyte Proliferation via Lipid Peroxidation Signaling in Psoriasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chuan ShiDepartment of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
Roozbeh EskandariDepartment of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.ORCID 0000-0001-8583-0190
Jianye ZhangDepartment of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
Guofang ZhangDepartment of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701.
Li LiDepartment of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.
Deandrea HawkinsDepartment of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
Xiongwei ZhuDepartment of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.ORCID 0000-0003-2092-6508
Gregory P TochtropDepartment of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.

Funding

National Science Foundation (NSF) 1904530
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lipid peroxidation is a complex biochemical process associated with oxidative stress, and its products play crucial roles in cellular signaling and the pathophysiology of many diseases. Among the diverse array of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, epoxyketooctadecenoic acids (EKODEs) have emerged as intriguing molecules with potential impacts on inflammatory diseases. EKODEs arise from linoleic acid reacting with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species present during inflammation. A hallmark of many LPO products is an electrophilic chemical functionality that can react with different biological nucleophiles to form adducts that impact a broad swath of physiologic processes. Here, we present the identification of reactivity patterns exhibited by the EKODE class of LPO products that arise due to the unique chemistry of the EKODE electrophiles, namely α, β-unsaturated epoxyketones of variable regiochemistry. Our initial investigations with models of the EKODE reactive core showed that surrogates of lysine did not react, and histidine nucleophiles formed reversible Michael adducts. However, when models of cysteine nucleophiles were tested, a unique reactivity profile emerged where rapid Michael addition was followed by slow rearrangement and epoxide opening at an unpredicted electrophilic site, affording what we postulated to be an advanced lipoxidation end product (ALE). After confirming the EKODE reactivity in model systems, we produced polyclonal antibodies of a stable epitope of the EKODE-based ALE and used these antibodies to investigate an approach for in vivo monitoring of inflammatory disease progression.

Indexed as

Epoxy CompoundsInflammationLipid PeroxidationAnimalsHumansMiceEpoxy Compoundsadvanced lipoxidation end-producthaptenlipid peroxidationoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID39899708
PMCPMC11831221

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.