ArticlePloS one2025
Transition of clinical biomarker status from childhood into adolescence-A prospective study in children from eight European countries.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Preptin, PPARγ, and NLRP3 as inflammatory biomarkers in pediatric obesity - a pilot study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
purposeUnderstanding factors influencing clinical biomarkers is important for the prevention of chronic disease. This study aimed to estimate transitions of biomarker status from childhood to adolescence and to identify determinants of biomarker status in early life in a prospective children cohort. SUBJECTS AND
methodsOur sample comprised 1295 children participating in the baseline (2007/08) and second follow-up examination (2013/14) of the multi-center IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of Dietary- and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS)/I.Family study. Clinical blood biomarkers including glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6, ferritin, leptin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were repeatedly measured in 2007/2008 (age range: 3.0 to <10.0 years) and in 2013/2014. Latent transition analysis was used to estimate biomarker statuses and transition probabilities; determinants of biomarker status were estimated using mixed-effects models.
resultsFour distinct biomarker statuses were identified: (1) "normal" (all biomarkers low/medium; except HDL-cholesterol; reference), (2) "low leptin/IGF-1/HbA1c", (3) "dyslipidemia/high leptin" and (4) "inflammation". Children classified as "low leptin/IGF-1/HbA1c" at baseline were most likely to stay in this status (89.8%) or to change to the "normal" status (10%) during follow-up. Compared to "normal" children, children classified as "low leptin/IGF-1/HbA1c" were less likely to have a family history of diabetes (0.26 [0.08;0.86]; odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval) or hypertension (0.53 [0.29;0.99]) and the children (0.32 [0.27;0.38]) as well as their mothers (0.93 [0.88;0.98]) had a lower BMI. Children from families with low/medium education had a 55% [9%-119%] higher risk of being in the "dyslipidemia/high leptin" and 49% [1%-121%] higher risk of being in the "inflammation" status as compared to children in the "normal" status. Membership in a sports club reduced the latter risks by 28% [2%-47%] and 40% [17%-56%], respectively.
conclusionsEuropean children showed distinct phenotypes for the investigated biomarkers. Especially parental characteristics like a family history of diabetes or hypertension, a high maternal BMI, or low/medium education were associated with unfavorable biomarker status in children.
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