Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39898605›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie2025

Latent Profile Analysis of Moral Foundations: Emotional and Decisional Forgiveness Approaches to Models of Morality.

Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz, Loren L Toussaint, Anna Kwiatkowska, Adrianna Mendrek

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-BednarzFaculty of Philosophy and Education, Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-7251
Loren L ToussaintDepartment of Psychology, Luther College, Decorah, Iowa, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8876-1848
Anna KwiatkowskaInstitute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5867-7079
Adrianna MendrekDepartment of Psychology, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.

Funding

Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange BPN/BEK/2022/1/00021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study delves into the intricate relationship between morality and episodic forgiveness (i.e. emotional and decisional), guided by moral foundations theory. Survey data were collected from 927 English-speaking Canadians, aged 18-57, using the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, Decision to Forgive Scale, and Emotional Forgiveness Scale. Employing latent profile analysis, the research revealed three distinct moral foundation profiles-high moralists, individuators, and neutrals-each linked to different levels of decisional and emotional forgiveness. Further analysis using MANOVA and follow-up ANOVAs indicated that the high moralist group exhibited higher scores in both forgiveness dimensions compared to the individuator and neutral groups, whereas the individuator group reported higher emotional forgiveness than the neutrals. These findings illuminate the significance of moral development in forgiving and underscore the utility of moral profiling based on moral foundations theory in predicting episodic forgiveness.

Indexed as

Decision MakingEmotionsForgivenessMoral DevelopmentMoralsAdolescentAdultCanadaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedModels, PsychologicalYoung Adultdecisional forgivenessemotional forgivenesslatent profile analysismoral foundationsmorality

Identifiers

PMID39898605
PMCPMC11799746

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.