ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2025
New approach to identifying elite winter sport athletes' risk of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs).
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs): Risk Assessment in Collegiate Female Athletes.International journal of exercise science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a syndrome resulting from problematic low energy availability (LEA). Low areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is a primary indicator of LEA, measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). High-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) is an advanced imaging device that provides measures of volumetric BMD (vBMD), bone microarchitecture, geometry and strength. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of REDs in elite winter sport athletes and to observe the associations in bone parameters using HR-pQCT in athletes identified as at-risk or not at-risk of REDs. Methods: Participants included 101 elite athletes (24.1±4.4 SD years; 52% female). The REDs Clinical Assessment Tool (CAT2) was used to determine REDs risk. HR-pQCT scans of the non-dominant radius and left tibia were analysed on REDs risk grouping. Results: 17 athletes (17%; 71% female) were at-risk based on the REDs CAT2. After covarying for lean mass, OR suggested a higher likelihood of REDs risk classification for athletes with low cortical thickness, cortical area, total vBMD and bone strength. Conclusions: Impaired total vBMD, bone strength and cortical bone parameters were approximately twice as likely (OR: 1.9-3.0) in athletes at-risk of REDs. Results agree with the consensus statement that HR-pQCT may identify impaired bone health in athletes at-risk of REDs. Future directions should use HR-pQCT to explore REDs risk longitudinally, using bone change over time, as this may provide greater insight. Using advanced imaging to explore REDs risk in a population of winter high-performance athletes is novel.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.