Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39896838›Full record

ArticleNature chemical engineering2025

Degradable poly(β-amino ester) microparticles for cleansing products and food fortification.

Linzixuan Zhang, Ruiqing Xiao, Tianyi Jin, Xinyan Pan, Katharina A Fransen, Shahad K Alsaiari, Alicia Lau, Ruizhe He, Jooli Han, Benjamin J Pedretti and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemical engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Advanced Oral Delivery Systems for Nutraceuticals.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025
    Review
  5. COAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Linzixuan ZhangDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7163-4906
Ruiqing XiaoDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Tianyi JinDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9974-2041
Xinyan PanDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0009-0002-3044-1934
Katharina A FransenDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Shahad K AlsaiariDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3293-3249
Alicia LauDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0009-0007-6929-4018
Ruizhe HeDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Jooli HanDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5115-7791
Benjamin J PedrettiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Jing Ying YeoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Xin YangDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Bradley D OlsenDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Alfredo Alexander-KatzDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Zachary P SmithDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9630-5890
Robert LangerDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4255-0492
Ana JaklenecDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6096-0538

Funding

VIRUS PRODUCTION COREP30CA014051 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Paula T Hammond · 1985 to 2026
$93.9M
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-035528NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014051
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microplastic pollution is a pressing global crisis caused by the extensive use of nondegradable microplastic materials in daily activities. One effective approach to mitigate this issue is to replace nondegradable plastics with degradable materials that have properties amendable for targeted applications. Here we present the development of a degradable microparticle (MP) platform based on a poly(β-amino ester) (PAE) that degrades into sugar and amino acid derivatives. This PAE MP platform showed functional replacement of nondegradable microplastics used in cleansing products and food fortification. In cleansing products, PAE MPs effectively enhanced the cleansing efficiency of a representative rinse-off product and showed effective removal of potentially toxic elements, as an alternative of traditional nondegradable microbeads. In food fortification, PAE MPs provided robust protection for multiple essential vitamins and minerals against extensive cooking and storage conditions with rapid nutrient release in a simulated human digestion system. Collectively, these PAE MPs present a potential platform to replace microplastic usage on a global scale in many applications.

Indexed as

Chemical engineeringPolymersPolymer synthesis

Identifiers

PMID39896838
PMCPMC11782087

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.