ReviewAnnals of medicine2025
Biomarkers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer for efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Review in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis and reconstructed individual patient data analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Immunoediting and precision biomarkers in prostate cancer: The emerging role of liquid biopsy, immune contexture and HLA genotype (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Molecular Mechanisms and Immune Regulation in Prostate Cancer: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and its metabolites: Key factors of drug resistance in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune checkpoint blockade in cancer: current insights and future horizons.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Advanced nanotechnology in enhancing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for head and neck cancer therapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Pirenzepine exhibits anti-prostate cancer activity and enhances checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy by targeting STING.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Tumor microenvironment-mediated immune evasion and resistance in prostate cancer: mechanisms, cross-talk, and therapeutic opportunities.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Tricyclic and Novel Chemotypes as Selective WRN Helicase Inhibitors for MSI‑H Cancer Therapy.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Targeting Werner Syndrome Helicase with Small Molecules in Mismatch Repair-Deficient Cancers.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Immunomodulation and Immunotherapy for Patients with Prostate Cancer: An Up-to-Date Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Almost all patients with prostate cancer progress to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) despite initial responses. In cases where traditional first-line treatments prove ineffective, the potential of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy emerges as a promising approach for managing mCRPC. However, while immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy or combination therapy targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and/or programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis has been regarded as the standard therapy in many solid tumours, mCRPC as 'cold' tumours are considered to be relatively resistant to ICB treatment. Encouragingly, recent evidence suggests that ICB therapy may be particularly beneficial in specific subgroups of patients with high PD-L1 tumour expression, high tumour mutational burden or high tumour microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency. Better understanding of these predictive biomarkers could screen which patients are most likely to benefit. This review article examines biomarkers for screening patients potentially effective in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.