ArticleEnvironment international2025
Gestational exposure to environmental chemical mixtures and cognitive abilities in children: A pooled analysis of two North American birth cohorts.
Article in Environment international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental Mixture-Health Associations: Current Analytical Practice and Reporting Recommendations.China CDC weekly · 2026Article
- Associations of Exposure to Common Plasticizers and Organophosphate Pesticides during Pregnancy and in Childhood with Cognitive Performance in Adolescents: A Population-Based Study.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Lessons learned from longitudinal biomonitoring and birth cohort studies: informing the future of reproductive health research in Canada.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- An Exploration of Machine Learning Methods in Human Biomonitoring.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Cord serum metabolic signatures associated with neonatal anthropometry and neurodevelopment through age two in twins.iScience · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to organophosphate ester flame retardants and child cognition: Findings from the environmental influences on child Health Outcomes cohort.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2026Article
- Prenatal and childhood exposures to heavy metals and their associations with child cognition, motor skills, behaviour and mental health.Essays in biochemistry · 2025Review
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23 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGestational exposures to single toxic chemicals have been associated with cognitive deficits in children, but few studies have explored chemical mixtures.
objectivesTo evaluate the associations between gestational chemical biomarker mixtures and cognitive abilities in children from two prospective cohorts.
methodsThis study includes 617 birthing parent-child pairs from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) and Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Studies. We measured 29 chemical biomarkers (metals, persistent organic pollutants, perfluoroalkyl substances, organophosphate esters, phenols, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, and parabens) in pregnant individuals during early pregnancy and their children's cognitive abilities at ages 3 to 5 years using Wechsler Intelligence Scales. We assessed linear associations using quantile g-computation and non-linear associations using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) methods, adjusted for covariates.
resultsUsing quantile g-computation, we observed overall null associations between the chemical biomarker mixture and cognitive outcomes among preschool-age children. Although statistical significance was not attained for child sex as an effect modifier, our stratified analysis unveiled a moderate divergence in association trends. We noted a marginal inverse trend between the chemical biomarker mixture and cognitive scores [Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) & Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ)] among males. Using quantile g-computation and BKMR methods, we observed that PBDE47, PFHxS, and di-ethyl organophosphates commonly contributed towards a decline in FSIQ scores in males. Among males, a quartile increase in the chemical biomarker mixture was associated with a 0.64-point decrease (95% CI: -2.59, 1.31) in the FSIQ score and a 1.59-point decrease (95% CI: -3.72, 0.54) in the PIQ score.
conclusionIn this study, we observed a weak negative trend between the gestational chemical biomarker mixture and cognitive scores (FSIQ/PIQ) among males. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings between the longitudinal chemical biomarkers and child cognitive scores at school ages.
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