Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39893853›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2025

Validation of screening instruments for alcohol and substance use disorders among men and women in Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Melissa A Stockton, Ernesha Webb Mazinyo, Lungelwa Mlanjeni, Nondumiso Ngcelwane, Kwanda Nogemane, Phumza Nobatyi, Annika C Sweetland, Cale Basaraba, M Claire Greene, Charl Bezuidenhout and 4 more

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Hidden in Success: Gendered Patterns of Suboptimal Care Engagement Among Tuberculosis Patients Who "Successfully" Completed Treatment in South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Melissa A StocktonPsychiatry Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: Melissaann.stockton@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
Ernesha Webb MazinyoResearch Unit, Foundation for Professional Development, Buffalo City Metro, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; University of California Global Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Buffalo City Metro Health District, Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health, Bisho, South Africa.
Lungelwa MlanjeniThe Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nondumiso NgcelwaneBuffalo City Health District, Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health, Bisho, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Kwanda NogemaneBuffalo City Health District, Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health, Bisho, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Phumza NobatyiBuffalo City Health District, Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health, Bisho, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Annika C SweetlandNew York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry, New York, USA.
Cale BasarabaDepartment of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.
M Claire GreeneDepartment of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.
Charl BezuidenhoutDepartment of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Christoffel GroblerUniversity of Pretoria, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Systems and Public Health, Pretoria, South Africa.
Melanie M WallNew York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry, New York, USA.
Andrew Medina-MarinoPsychiatry Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Milton L WainbergBuffalo City Health District, Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health, Bisho, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry, New York, USA.

Funding

StepWell: Stepped Care Mental Health and Substance Use Telehealth Services for COVID-19 Affected PatientsU19MH113203 · NIMH · NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC · PI OQUENDO, MARIA A, WAINBERG, MILTON L · 2017 to 2021
$5.7M
Global Mental Health Research Fellowship: Interventions That Make a DifferenceT32MH096724 · NIMH · NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC · PI MILTON L WAINBERG · 2012 to 2026
$4.4M
Improving HIV and Depression Outcomes by Reducing HIV-Mental Illness Stigma in Malawi: a pilot effectiveness-implementation trialK01MH130226 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Melissa Ann Stockton · 2022 to 2026
$883k
Optimizing implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions to promote reach and retention among migrants in transit in humanitarian emergenciesK01MH129572 · NIMH · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Martha Claire Greene · 2022 to 2026
$880k
NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH129572NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH130226NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH096724NIMH NIH HHS U19 MH113203
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionValid Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) screeners are needed to identify and link people to services. We evaluated the performance of several AUD and SUD screeners in South Africa using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)-5 diagnostic gold standard.

methodsAdults at primary and tertiary care facilities in Buffalo City Metro, South Africa, were screened by research assistants using the AUDIT and AUDIT-C (AUD), DAST-10 (SUD) and NIDA Quick Screen (AUD and SUD). Nurses administered the MINI-5 to identify AUD and SUD. We assessed the internal consistency, criterion validity, sensitivity and specificity of these tools, stratified by gender.

resultsAmong 1885 participants, the prevalence of AUD and SUD were 9.5 % and 1.6 %, respectively. All tools demonstrated adequate internal consistency and criterion validity. A positive AUDIT screen (men: ≥8; women: ≥7) yielded sensitivity/specificity of 70.6/87.3 % (men: 78.7/82.6 %; women: 64.8/89.8 %). A positive AUDIT-C screen (men: ≥4; women: ≥3) yielded sensitivity/specificity of 66.1/82.0 % (men: 64.0/78.8 %; women: 67.6/81.3 %). Endorsing the NIDA alcohol use question yielded sensitivity/specificity of 71.1/68.1 % (men: 74.7/59.7 %; women: 68.6/72.5 %). Endorsing either NIDA substance use questions yielded sensitivity/specificity of 80.6/91.7 % (men: 80.8/89.0 %; women: 80.0/93.1 %). A DAST-10 cut-off of ≥ 3 yielded sensitivity/specificity of 71.0/96.0 % (men: 73.1/83.7 %; women 60.0/97.4 %).

conclusionsThe AUDIT and AUDIT-C performed similarly among men and women, although lower cut-offs may optimize performance among women. The low number of SUD cases hampered our ability to draw conclusions about the SUD screeners' performance.

Indexed as

AlcoholismMass ScreeningSubstance-Related DisordersAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificitySouth AfricaYoung AdultAlcohol useDrug useIdentificationScreeningSubstance useValidation

Identifiers

PMID39893853
PMCPMC11897658

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.